با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه مازندران

2 دانشگاه شهید بهشتی و دانشگاه پیام نور

3 دانشگاه پیام نور

چکیده

یکی از علل ایجاد بحران‌های محیط‌‌زیستی، عدم ایجاد آگاهی‌های  محیط‌‌زیستی می باشد. به طور یقین یکی از راههای ایجاد آن، آموزش صحیح می باشد. از آنجایی که یکی از پرکاربردترین ابزار آموزشی در کشور، کتاب‌های درسی است بنابراین، پژوهش حاضر در زمینه این مبحث مهم و با هدف بررسی میزان توجه به مولفه­ های اصلی آموزش محیط‌‌‌زیست در محتوای کتاب‌های درسی پایه ششم ابتدایی ایران انجام شده است. بدین منظور به تحلیل محتوای کتاب های درسی ششم ابتدایی پرداخته شد. روش پژوهش تحلیل محتوا با روش آنتروپی شانون بود که واحد تحلیل نیز کل صفحات( متن، پرسش‌ها، تمرین‌ها و تصاویر) است. براساس یافته ­ها، بالاترین ضریب اهمیت در کتاب مطالعات اجتماعی مربوط به مؤلفه نحوه بهره برداری از منابع فناپذیر و فناناپذیر(23./.) و کمترین ضریب اهمیت مربوط به مؤلفه­های تالاب­ها و جمعیت، آلودگیها، نقش تکنولوژی درمحیط‌‌‌زیست و فرسایش لایه ازن و نقش گرم شدن کره زمین می باشد، در کتاب فارسی(خوانداری) تنها به مولفه های خاک(13../.) و نقش انسان در حفاظت از محیط‌‌‌زیست(2../.)، در کتاب آموزش علوم تجربی ششم ابتدایی به مولفه های محیط‌‌‌زیست، جنگل و درختان(4../.) و نحوه بهره برداری از منابع فناپذیر و فنا ناپذیر(23./.)  و در کتاب تفکر و پژوهش تنها به مؤلفه جنگل و درختان توجه شده و به دیگر مولفه‌های محیط‌‌‌زیست توجهی نشده است. در کتاب‌های قرآن، ریاضی، کار و فناوری، هدیه­های آسمانی و فارسی (نوشتاری) ششم ابتدایی به مولفه­ های محیط‌‌‌زیست توجهی نشده است. نتایج نشان داد که توجه متعادل و جامعی به مولفه ­های آموزش محیط‌‌‌زیست در محتوای کتاب‌ها نشده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Position of Main Components of Environment Teaching in the Text Books of the Sixth Grade Schools in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • E. Salehi Omran 1
  • L. Parhizkar 2
  • Kh. Hatamifar 3

1 Department of Education,University of Mazandaran

2 Shahid Beheshti University

3 Payame noor University

چکیده [English]

One of the causes of environmental crisis is the lack of environmental awareness. Certainly, one of the ways of creating it is proper training. As one of the most versatile tools for teaching in the country are textbooks, the present study aims at investigating the main components of environment teaching included in the sixth grade text books in Iran. The method of the study was content analysis using Shannon entropy analysis including texts, questions, exercises, and pictures of selected books. The findings showed that the highest significant correlation in social studies books was related to the component of the way of exploiting the renewable and non-renewable resources which was (.023%), and the least significant correlation was related to the components of population, ozone layer depletion, and the role of technology in environment as well as global warming. It is also showed that in the Persian text book (reading), the focus of attention was only on the soil components (.013%) and the human role in environmental protection (.002%). In the text book of science, (.004%) of focus was on the components of environment, jungles, and trees, and (.023%) to the ways of exploiting the renewable and non-renewable resources. In the sixth grade's thinking and research textbook, the attention was only on the jungles and trees without considering the other environmental components. In the text books of Quran, mathematics, work and technology, divine gifts, and Persian (writing), there is no attention to the environment. The results showed that there is not a balanced and comprehensive attention to the components of environmental education in the content of text books of the sixth grade in Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environmental Education
  • text books
  • the sixth grade course
  • content analysis
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