The Effect of Ecotourism Education and Promotion to Environmental Protection (Case study: Education of Female Students in District 18 of Tehran)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran

2 University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Appropriate environmental education is one of the essential principles for protecting the environment. One of the most critical environmental issues of teaching is knowing how to use solutions for effective behavior the people towards the environment, and their commitment to nature and the environment has increased. This study attempts to influence the implementation of environmental education programs outside the classroom (Ecotourism) in the behavior of students in Tehran transplantation with nature itself. The research method was semi-experimental using the single group design that much of it conducted in the field and consisted of 74 high school students in the second period. Tools for data collection in addition to observing interviews from a questionnaire achieved its validity by experts reliability by using Cronbach studied were(Alpha=0/82) for data analysis by SPSS19 software to descriptive statistics from the T-test was used to compare the nature will increase. The results showed that all 26 questions in 4 whole were designed to change attitudes and to change behavior shows significantly. So Focus on the way of environmental education could make a difference in students' relationship with the natural environment will be. Will increase their commitment to preserving nature.

Keywords


Afroz, R., Tudin, R., Hanaki, K. & Masui, M.M. (2011).“selected socio –economic factors Affecting the willingness to minimize solid waste in Dhaka city,Bangladesh”. Journal of Environment planning and Management. 54 )6(,611. [In Persian]
Ajdari, A. (2004).“Cultural Development and the Environment”. Journal of the Environmental Protection Agency. 39, 27-40.
Ayodeji, I. (2010). “Exploving secondary school students understanding and practices of weight Management in gun state Nigeria”. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education. 5(2), 201-215.
Babazadeh, A., Ghahremani, M. & Akbari, M. (2013).“learning organizations, Bstramvzsh environment”. Journal of environmental education and sustainable development. 1(2), 70-85. [In Persian]
Budak, D. (2005).“Behavior Attitude of student Toward Environmental Issues at faculty of Agricultural”. Turkey, Jurnal of Applied sciences, 1224-1227.
Benson, J. (2003). “Environment ethics”. Translated by Abdolhossein vahabzadeh, 1 edition, Mashhad: Jahad daneshgahi publications.
Beyranvand, E. (2009). “spatial analysis ecotourism attractions in the city of Khorramabad, urban planning thesis”. University of Isfahan, 9-34. [In Persian]
Bhuiyan, M.D., Anowar Hossain Chamhuri, S. & Rabiul, I. (2010). “Ecotourism and Environmental Education: An Opportunity for Bangladesh”. Proc. of International Conference on Environmental Aspects of Bangladesh (ICEAB10), Japan, Sept. 2010, 43.
Bjork, P. (2000). “Ecotourism from a conceptual perspective, an extended definition of a unique tourism form”. International Journal of Tourism Research. 2(3), 189–202.
Castalls, M. (2001). “The information Age Economy, society and culture”. Translated by Aligholian, A., Khakbaz, A., Chavoshi, H., vol2, second edition, Tehran: Tarhe now publictions. [In Persian]
Chiu, Y. H. Wan-I, L. & Tsung-Hsiung, C. (2013). “Environmentally Responsible Behavior in Ecotourism: Exploring the Role of Destination Image and Value Perception”. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research. 2013 http://dx. doi. org/10, 1080/10941665. 2013. 818048, 1-30.
Eddington. (1996). “Ecology, leisure activities, tourism industry”. translation Ismail Kahrom, published by the England research, rural and farm tourism, Journal of Agricultural Economic.
Fennel, D.A. (1999). “Ecotourism an Introduction”. Rautledge, London, 234-98.
Fennel, D.A. (2006). “Introduction on Ecotourism”. Translated Chadiko laei. Babolsar, Mazandaran university Press. 134.
Gough, A. (2011). “The Australian nest of Curriculum Jigsaws: Where Does Environmental Education Fit?”. Australian Journal of Environmental Education. 27(1),9-23.
Hadavi, S. (1995).“range of ecological status and mental resorts margin Road Branch”. MS Thesis, Department of Natural Resources, Tehran University, 4-6.
Hajiparvaneh, L. (2009). “Ecotourism in Iran". Shkarvdvstdaran journal Nature, Tehran, 104, 17-30. [In Persian]
Hemmati, T. (2002). “Study of socio-cultural factors and obstacles participation of the people in environmental education in environmental protection Ilam”. senior thesis, Management Planning Ilam province, 32-54. [In Persian]
Joy, E.P. (2005). “Environmental Education in the 21 st”. century, khorshiddoost A.M., Tehran: Samt publishing. p434.
Kalantari, A. & Saeidipour, B. (2016). “Investigating the Effects of Connectives-Based Environment Education on Sixth Graders’ Learning and Their Contact with Nature”. Quarterly Journal of Environment Education & Sustainable Development. 4(3), 5-10. [In Persian]
Kimmel, J. R. (1999). “Ecotourism as Environmental Learning”. The Journal of Environmental Education. 30(2),40-44.
Mahdavi, S. M. S. Vaziri,R. (2010). “social factors - cultural, environmental attitude Students Science and Research”. Journal of Social Research. Issue VII, 199-222. [In Persian]
Meretsy, V. J. (2010). “Teaching Environmental”. Literacy Across campus and Across The urriculum Indiana university press.
Mohammadinya, T., Dastrang, M., Negahdari, S. & Solaimani, N. (2013). “The institutionalization of environmental culture based on Islamic culture”. Quarterly Journal of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development. 1(1), 1-34. [In Persian]
Mokhtari Malekabad, R., Abdulahi, A-S. & Sadeghi, H. (2014). “Investigation and recognition of environmental behaviors, the case study for the city of Isfahan”. The Journal of Research and civil management. 5( 18), 1-20. [In Persian]
Mylton, K. (2004). “Nature is kind to the climate of affection”. translation MH Rostami Shahroudi, Tehran, publisher of the Environmental Protection Agency, 111-125.
Newhouse, N. (1990). “Implications of attitude and behavior research lor environmental conservation”. The Journal of Environmental ecotourism. 22(I), 26-32.
Pedrini, A. G. Brotto, D. S. Ghilardi-Lopes, N. P. Lopes, M. C. Ferreira, L. P. (2015). “Environmental Education and ecotourism concepts in Marine Protected Area of Armação de Búzios, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: reflections for the adoption of coastal ecotourism”. Revisit Brasilia de Ecoturism, São Paulo, 8(1), 59-73.
Rezvani, A. (2002). “The Role of Ecotourism protecting the environment”. Ecology Journal. 31, 30-41. [In Persian]
Rezvani, M. Nojavan, M. Bakhtyary Roodsari, A. (2014). “Evaluation of the effects of environmental Bragahyhay informal Tour ecotourism”. Quarterly Journal of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development. 1(1), 25-45. [In Persian]
Safavi, A. (2007). “Teaching Methods, Techniques, and standards”. Tehran: Samt publishing. 310-325. [In Persian]
Salehi, S. & Ghaemyasl, Z. (2014).“Relationship between environmental education and behavior of environmental protection”. Quarterly Journal of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development, 1(3), 60-74. [In Persian]
Salehi, S. & Hemmati, Z. (2013). “The role of environmental education in electronic waste management”. Quarterly Journal of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development. 1(1), 11-14. [In Persian]
Salaname Amari Ostan Tehran. (2013). “Salaname Amari Ostan Tehran”. Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran Governorate, Office of Statistics and Information.
Shobeiri, S. M., Shamsy Papkyadh, Z. & Ebrahimi, H. (2014).“Implementation of environmental education programs round”. Tourism Planning & Development Journal. 7, 146-159. [In Persian]
Tsai, W. T. (2012). “An investigation of Taiwan’s education regulations and policies for pursuing environmental sustainability”. International Journal of Educational development. 32,359-365.
Wallarc, G. N. & Pierce, S. M. (1996). “An Evaluation of Ecotourism in Amazon”. Brazil, Annals of Tourism Research.
Webb, D. (2002). “Investigating the structure of visitor experiences in the little sandy desert, western Australia”. Journal of Ecotourism. 1(2–3), 149–161.
Zivyar, P. (2014). “Feasibility Study of the Ecotourism of the City of Ramsar via SWOT- FANP Technique”. Quarterly Journal of urban Economics and Management. 1(4), 29-42.