Payame Noor UniversityJournals of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development2322-305712420240621Investigating the Impact of Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence on Environmental Sustainability Performance (Case Study: Hotel Industry)Investigating the Impact of Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence on Environmental Sustainability Performance (Case Study: Hotel Industry)7191115410.30473/ee.2024.69794.2692FAHooshmandBagheri GarbollaghAssistant Professor, Faculty of Economics and Management, Urmia University, Urmia, IranZahraAmirfarhood BonabBachelor of Business Administration, Faculty of Economics and Management, Urmia University, Urmia, IranMohammadrezaYouneszadehBachelor of Business Administration, Faculty of Economics and Management, Urmia University, Urmia, IranOmidSolatinejadMaster of Business Administration, Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Semnan, Semnan, IranJournal Article20231202Artificial intelligence enhances energy infrastructure efficiency, reduces waste in distributed energy systems, and ensures long-term durability. Additionally, green Internet of Things technology is positively linked to green innovation practices promoting sustainability. In this context, the primary objective of this study is to examine the impact of the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence on environmental sustainability performance, considering the mediating influence of green supply chain management within the hotel industry. This study is designed as applied research, and the data collection method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population comprises hotel managers in Urmia City, with a sample size of 34 hotels determined using "Krejcie and Morgan" and "Cohen" tables. Sixty-four questionnaires were distributed among hotel managers in Urmia City. A standard questionnaire, validated by experts, was used to collect data. Its reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis, revealing that the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence positively impact green supply chain management. Furthermore, a positive relationship was observed between green supply chain management practices and environmental sustainability performance. This study suggests that adopting the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence technologies can enhance the efficiency of green supply chain management processes, emphasizing the importance for managers to grasp the impact of these two emerging technologies on overall supply chain performance.Artificial intelligence enhances energy infrastructure efficiency, reduces waste in distributed energy systems, and ensures long-term durability. Additionally, green Internet of Things technology is positively linked to green innovation practices promoting sustainability. In this context, the primary objective of this study is to examine the impact of the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence on environmental sustainability performance, considering the mediating influence of green supply chain management within the hotel industry. This study is designed as applied research, and the data collection method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population comprises hotel managers in Urmia City, with a sample size of 34 hotels determined using "Krejcie and Morgan" and "Cohen" tables. Sixty-four questionnaires were distributed among hotel managers in Urmia City. A standard questionnaire, validated by experts, was used to collect data. Its reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis, revealing that the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence positively impact green supply chain management. Furthermore, a positive relationship was observed between green supply chain management practices and environmental sustainability performance. This study suggests that adopting the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence technologies can enhance the efficiency of green supply chain management processes, emphasizing the importance for managers to grasp the impact of these two emerging technologies on overall supply chain performance.https://ee.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_11154_fe41ac150dcb9c90698131e7449050cf.pdfPayame Noor UniversityJournals of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development2322-305712420240621Obstacles to Achieving SDG3 in Sub-Saharan Countries: Perspectives from ZimbabweObstacles to Achieving SDG3 in Sub-Saharan Countries: Perspectives from Zimbabwe21361116110.30473/ee.2024.70919.2723FACrossmanMayavoPostdoctoral Research Fellow, School of Economics: University of Johannesburg.Journal Article20240329The paper’s purpose was to investigate the obstacles the Zimbabwean government faces as it works towards meeting Sustainable Development Goal 3, which speaks of health and well-being for all. Various obstacles were observed, such as political and economic issues, personnel leaving for greener pastures, dilapidated infrastructure, and a lack of monitoring and evaluation systems that allow tracking of the goals. The author used a qualitative method and adopted a document review for data collection. Three major documents were used: The Ministry of Health and Child Care’s national policy (2021-2025), the World Health Organization 2023 report, and UNDP’s 2020 Zimbabwe’s SDG Progress report. The researcher scanned through the documents and highlighted areas where they discussed the SDG 3 challenges faced. The results confirmed that Zimbabwe is facing numerous challenges, including a fragmented procurement system and political and economic issues. The study's practical implications are that this document may remind policymakers that the Sustainable Development Goals, especially SDG 3, cannot be ignored, but effort is needed to ensure that all obstacles impeding the attainment of SDG 3 are addressed. Policymakers should provide a conducive environment that allows the ministries concerned to work towards the attainment of SDG 3. Healthy people are productive, and the focus will be on improving everyone's life, hence the need for SDG 3 to be fulfilled so no one is left behind. Significant progress is made when people are protected from illness, premature death is avoided, and the overall health of the population is improved. Issues such as inequalities and poverty are eradicated, and people enjoy prosperity and justice. The study is original and seeks to contribute to the body of knowledge regarding SDG 3, the challenges Zimbabwe is facing, and how they can be addressed to protect its citizens from diseases, improve prosperity, and enhance socio-economic factors.The paper’s purpose was to investigate the obstacles the Zimbabwean government faces as it works towards meeting Sustainable Development Goal 3, which speaks of health and well-being for all. Various obstacles were observed, such as political and economic issues, personnel leaving for greener pastures, dilapidated infrastructure, and a lack of monitoring and evaluation systems that allow tracking of the goals. The author used a qualitative method and adopted a document review for data collection. Three major documents were used: The Ministry of Health and Child Care’s national policy (2021-2025), the World Health Organization 2023 report, and UNDP’s 2020 Zimbabwe’s SDG Progress report. The researcher scanned through the documents and highlighted areas where they discussed the SDG 3 challenges faced. The results confirmed that Zimbabwe is facing numerous challenges, including a fragmented procurement system and political and economic issues. The study's practical implications are that this document may remind policymakers that the Sustainable Development Goals, especially SDG 3, cannot be ignored, but effort is needed to ensure that all obstacles impeding the attainment of SDG 3 are addressed. Policymakers should provide a conducive environment that allows the ministries concerned to work towards the attainment of SDG 3. Healthy people are productive, and the focus will be on improving everyone's life, hence the need for SDG 3 to be fulfilled so no one is left behind. Significant progress is made when people are protected from illness, premature death is avoided, and the overall health of the population is improved. Issues such as inequalities and poverty are eradicated, and people enjoy prosperity and justice. The study is original and seeks to contribute to the body of knowledge regarding SDG 3, the challenges Zimbabwe is facing, and how they can be addressed to protect its citizens from diseases, improve prosperity, and enhance socio-economic factors.https://ee.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_11161_935abc6e1c60543062ca35c8c017c25f.pdfPayame Noor UniversityJournals of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development2322-305712420240621Analyzing the Impact of Green Policies on Employees' Eco-Initiatives: The Mediating Role of Environmental Concerns and Effective Commitment to the OrganizationAnalyzing the Impact of Green Policies on Employees' Eco-Initiatives: The Mediating Role of Environmental Concerns and Effective Commitment to the Organization37511115510.30473/ee.2023.65056.2556FAShayanRouhani RadPh.D. Candidate in Finance, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabatabaei University, Tehran, IranMohammadKeshavarzPh.D. in Organizational Behavior Management, Faculty of Economics, Management and Administrative Sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran0000-0001-7742-9567ShahinRouhani RadPh.D. Candidate in Business Management, Faculty of Economics, Management and Accounting, Yazd University, Yazd, IranJournal Article20220820This study aims to analyze the effect of green policies on employees' eco-initiatives with the mediating role of environmental concerns and effective commitment to the organization. This study is applied in purpose and uses descriptive and survey methods. The statistical population consisted of 350 employees of environmental organizations in Semnan province. According to Cochran's formula, a sample of 189 individuals was determined using convenience sampling. The data was analyzed using SPSS 16 and Smart PLS-2 software, employing the structural equation modeling approach with the partial least squares method. The results suggest that content validity was assessed through an expert panel, while reliability was evaluated and confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient method and composite reliability. The results indicate that green policies have a positive and significant effect on environmental concerns, effective commitment to the organization, and employees' eco-initiatives. Additionally, environmental concerns have a positive and significant effect on the effective commitment to the organization and employees' eco-initiatives. Moreover, environmental concerns and effective commitment to the organization do not mediate the relationship between green policies and employees' eco-initiatives. Therefore, it is suggested that managers of environmental organizations pay adequate attention to being green in formulating organizational policies so that they can create more commitment and responsibility in employees and thus produce more initiatives in the environmental field.This study aims to analyze the effect of green policies on employees' eco-initiatives with the mediating role of environmental concerns and effective commitment to the organization. This study is applied in purpose and uses descriptive and survey methods. The statistical population consisted of 350 employees of environmental organizations in Semnan province. According to Cochran's formula, a sample of 189 individuals was determined using convenience sampling. The data was analyzed using SPSS 16 and Smart PLS-2 software, employing the structural equation modeling approach with the partial least squares method. The results suggest that content validity was assessed through an expert panel, while reliability was evaluated and confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient method and composite reliability. The results indicate that green policies have a positive and significant effect on environmental concerns, effective commitment to the organization, and employees' eco-initiatives. Additionally, environmental concerns have a positive and significant effect on the effective commitment to the organization and employees' eco-initiatives. Moreover, environmental concerns and effective commitment to the organization do not mediate the relationship between green policies and employees' eco-initiatives. Therefore, it is suggested that managers of environmental organizations pay adequate attention to being green in formulating organizational policies so that they can create more commitment and responsibility in employees and thus produce more initiatives in the environmental field.https://ee.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_11155_69f3d87c1dd066e00542051e20fefe49.pdfPayame Noor UniversityJournals of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development2322-305712420240621Elementary School Teachers' Experience of Environmental Protection EducationElementary School Teachers' Experience of Environmental Protection Education53631115610.30473/ee.2024.66159.2629FAParvanehValaviAssociate Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, IranRaziehAzimi ShoushtariM.A Student of history and philosophy of education, Department of Educational Sciences, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, IranSeyed MansourMarashiAssociate professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, IranJournal Article20230510The present study examines the teachers' experience of teaching "environmental protection" to elementary school students. Qualitative research has been done using the phenomenological method. The research population includes all teachers working in primary schools in Ahvaz. Sampling was purposeful, and after semi-structured interviews with 30 teachers, theoretical data saturation was obtained. The condition for selecting teachers was their desire to participate in research and interest in environmental topics. Interview data were analyzed using the Van Manen method to explore teachers' experience of environmental protection education. Findings include five main themes: ethics education in environmental protection, elements of environmental protection education, knowledge in environmental protection, attitude in environmental protection, and skills in environmental protection, and 15 sub-themes. According to teachers' experience, promoting and increasing students' sense of responsibility towards the environment and teaching environmental ethics is essential. It is also necessary to pay attention to human interaction and the two-way relationship with the environment and teach students that there is a kind of trade between us and nature, and if humans do not fulfill their obligations to nature, they face dangerous and unsolvable consequences. The teachers believed that, to increase students' understanding of how to preserve the environment, its harmful factors, and the consequences of polluting it, some lessons should mention environmental issues and problems and their solutions. Also, teaching aids should be prepared and used for environmental protection education. Improving students' attitudes toward the environment can motivate them to react to right and wrong environmental behaviors, make them aware of the value of nature, and ultimately lead to environmental protection.The present study examines the teachers' experience of teaching "environmental protection" to elementary school students. Qualitative research has been done using the phenomenological method. The research population includes all teachers working in primary schools in Ahvaz. Sampling was purposeful, and after semi-structured interviews with 30 teachers, theoretical data saturation was obtained. The condition for selecting teachers was their desire to participate in research and interest in environmental topics. Interview data were analyzed using the Van Manen method to explore teachers' experience of environmental protection education. Findings include five main themes: ethics education in environmental protection, elements of environmental protection education, knowledge in environmental protection, attitude in environmental protection, and skills in environmental protection, and 15 sub-themes. According to teachers' experience, promoting and increasing students' sense of responsibility towards the environment and teaching environmental ethics is essential. It is also necessary to pay attention to human interaction and the two-way relationship with the environment and teach students that there is a kind of trade between us and nature, and if humans do not fulfill their obligations to nature, they face dangerous and unsolvable consequences. The teachers believed that, to increase students' understanding of how to preserve the environment, its harmful factors, and the consequences of polluting it, some lessons should mention environmental issues and problems and their solutions. Also, teaching aids should be prepared and used for environmental protection education. Improving students' attitudes toward the environment can motivate them to react to right and wrong environmental behaviors, make them aware of the value of nature, and ultimately lead to environmental protection.https://ee.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_11156_ea7601c1fec0ad523ac7467ca7970276.pdfPayame Noor UniversityJournals of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development2322-305712420240621Development of a Waste Generation Prediction Model Using Independent Macro Variables in Various Sectors (Case Study: Tehran)Development of a Waste Generation Prediction Model Using Independent Macro Variables in Various Sectors (Case Study: Tehran)65831102310.30473/ee.2024.71281.2740FASaeedMoradi KiaPh.D. Candidate, Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranBabakOmidvarProfessor, Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-7984-2520Mohammad AliAbdoliProfessor, Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranEsmailSalehiAssociate Professor, Department of Environmental Planning and Management and HSE, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.Journal Article20240510According to statistics from the Ministry of Interior of Iran, more than 75% of the waste produced in the country is landfilled. Many of the programs proposed by waste management organizations and municipalities have not been effective due to the failure to consider the impacts of various economic and non-economic variables on waste generation. Therefore, this study aims to increase the effectiveness of proposed waste management programs for Tehran in line with sustainable development. An empirical modeling approach was used, utilizing 120 months of data (April 2011 to March 2021) to develop models for predicting different types of waste generation. Additionally, the statistical relationship between 32 macroeconomic variables, including industry and mining, agriculture, urban management, population, and climate, and five waste generation variables was examined at a 90% confidence level. The results indicate that 79% of the variations in the total waste generation tonnage, 73.4% of the variations in the mixed waste tonnage at the source, 80.3% of the variations in the separated dry waste tonnage at the source, and 81.4% of the variations in the construction and demolition waste tonnage in Tehran can be predicted using the models developed in this study. According to statistics from the Ministry of Interior of Iran, more than 75% of the waste produced in the country is landfilled. Many of the programs proposed by waste management organizations and municipalities have not been effective due to the failure to consider the impacts of various economic and non-economic variables on waste generation. Therefore, this study aims to increase the effectiveness of proposed waste management programs for Tehran in line with sustainable development. An empirical modeling approach was used, utilizing 120 months of data (April 2011 to March 2021) to develop models for predicting different types of waste generation. Additionally, the statistical relationship between 32 macroeconomic variables, including industry and mining, agriculture, urban management, population, and climate, and five waste generation variables was examined at a 90% confidence level. The results indicate that 79% of the variations in the total waste generation tonnage, 73.4% of the variations in the mixed waste tonnage at the source, 80.3% of the variations in the separated dry waste tonnage at the source, and 81.4% of the variations in the construction and demolition waste tonnage in Tehran can be predicted using the models developed in this study. https://ee.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_11023_1ebf65b4920406f45f63b24fc6273ee8.pdfPayame Noor UniversityJournals of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development2322-305712420240621Comparison of the Effectiveness of Face-to-Face and Virtual Education Using the Comprehensive Citizenship Education Package on Environmental and Sustainable Development BehaviorsComparison of the Effectiveness of Face-to-Face and Virtual Education Using the Comprehensive Citizenship Education Package on Environmental and Sustainable Development Behaviors85991115710.30473/ee.2024.69222.2676FAElhamIrannezhadPh.D. of Educational Psychology, Department of Psychology, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, IranAliMehdadAssociate Professor, Department of Psychology, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, IranMohsenGolparvarProfessor, Department of Psychology, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, IranJournal Article20230913Considering the unbreakable links between human behavior, environmental health, and the well-being of all species, education for citizenship behavior, the environment, and sustainable development has emerged as a beacon of hope, leading humanity towards a more harmonious relationship with our planet. This research aimed to compare the effectiveness of face-to-face and virtual education using a comprehensive package of citizenship education on the environmental and sustainable development behaviors of students. The experimental method employed a four-group design, including two test groups (face-to-face and virtual) and two control groups, with a pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up design. Among the students of Azad University of Isfahan in the winter and spring of 2023, 25 individuals who met the desired entry criteria were selected for each group and randomly assigned to 4 groups. Citizenship education was implemented using a researcher-made package with a specialized reliability of 0.93, delivered in person for one group and virtually for another group. Data were collected using the Irannezhad et al. (2023) questionnaire. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni's post hoc test in SPSS software version 26. The findings of this research showed that both face-to-face and virtual education were effective in enhancing environmental behaviors and sustainable development. There was no significant difference between the outcomes of the behaviors resulting from the two educational methods.Considering the unbreakable links between human behavior, environmental health, and the well-being of all species, education for citizenship behavior, the environment, and sustainable development has emerged as a beacon of hope, leading humanity towards a more harmonious relationship with our planet. This research aimed to compare the effectiveness of face-to-face and virtual education using a comprehensive package of citizenship education on the environmental and sustainable development behaviors of students. The experimental method employed a four-group design, including two test groups (face-to-face and virtual) and two control groups, with a pre-test, post-test, and two-month follow-up design. Among the students of Azad University of Isfahan in the winter and spring of 2023, 25 individuals who met the desired entry criteria were selected for each group and randomly assigned to 4 groups. Citizenship education was implemented using a researcher-made package with a specialized reliability of 0.93, delivered in person for one group and virtually for another group. Data were collected using the Irannezhad et al. (2023) questionnaire. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni's post hoc test in SPSS software version 26. The findings of this research showed that both face-to-face and virtual education were effective in enhancing environmental behaviors and sustainable development. There was no significant difference between the outcomes of the behaviors resulting from the two educational methods.https://ee.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_11157_ddcfccfca30e3498e00d95a3f4ff04d5.pdfPayame Noor UniversityJournals of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development2322-305712420240621Environmental Etiquette Education Model Validity from the Experts' Point of ViewEnvironmental Etiquette Education Model Validity from the Experts' Point of View1011191115910.30473/ee.2023.68407.2650FAAbbasAlizadeh ShooshtariDepartment of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, IranSeyed MohammadShobeiriDepartment of Environmental Education, Payame Noor University, Tehran, IranMahdiehRezaeiDepartment of Environmental Education, Payame Noor University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20230630The aim of this research was to validate an educational model for environmental etiquette that was designed based on the Islamic-Iranian progress model. To this end, a descriptive survey method was employed, and the perspectives of 111 specialists were collected through purposive sampling using the snowball technique and a researcher-made questionnaire. The reliability of the tool was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha, and its validity was established through convergent and divergent validity tests, as well as the Fornell-Larcker criterion. The results were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. After examining the fit of the measurement models, the fit of the confirmatory factor analysis model was assessed, and the proposed model was presented using structural equation modeling techniques and SmartPLS software. The overall model fit was evaluated using the GOF criterion, and the comprehensive validity of the model from the specialists' perspective was also examined. Ultimately, the validity of the model and its comprehensive validity from the specialists' viewpoint were confirmed.The aim of this research was to validate an educational model for environmental etiquette that was designed based on the Islamic-Iranian progress model. To this end, a descriptive survey method was employed, and the perspectives of 111 specialists were collected through purposive sampling using the snowball technique and a researcher-made questionnaire. The reliability of the tool was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha, and its validity was established through convergent and divergent validity tests, as well as the Fornell-Larcker criterion. The results were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. After examining the fit of the measurement models, the fit of the confirmatory factor analysis model was assessed, and the proposed model was presented using structural equation modeling techniques and SmartPLS software. The overall model fit was evaluated using the GOF criterion, and the comprehensive validity of the model from the specialists' perspective was also examined. Ultimately, the validity of the model and its comprehensive validity from the specialists' viewpoint were confirmed.https://ee.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_11159_b0555dcc65bba04bfc6f03d9608b75f1.pdfPayame Noor UniversityJournals of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development2322-305712420240621Explaining the Role of Moral Intelligence in University Students' Environmental Attitude and MoralityExplaining the Role of Moral Intelligence in University Students' Environmental Attitude and Morality1211331115810.30473/ee.2024.70077.2701FAFaezehShahrabi FarahaniM.A in Curriculum Planning, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, IranZeinab SadatAthariAssistant professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, IranJournal Article20240205The present study was conducted to investigate the role of moral intelligence in the environmental attitude and morality of the students at the University of Kashan. This research employed a descriptive-correlational design. Three standardized questionnaires, including the Moral Intelligence Questionnaire (Lennick & Kiel, 2005), the Environmental Attitude Questionnaire (Gagnon Thompson & Barton, 1994), and the Environmental Morality Questionnaire (Firoozfar et al., 2019), were used for data collection. The statistical population comprised all 5,597 undergraduate students at the University of Kashan, from which a sample of 265 students was selected using stratified random sampling proportional to size. The content validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by experts, and the reliability of the Environmental Attitude, Moral Intelligence, and Environmental Morality questionnaires was calculated to be 0.82, 0.89, and 0.91, respectively. Data analysis was performed using SPSS22 and AMOS software. The findings revealed that moral intelligence has a positive and significant effect on students' environmental attitudes and morality. Moreover, aspects of moral intelligence, including forgiveness, compassion, responsibility, and integrity, were directly related to environmental morality and attitude. Therefore, based on the results of the study, fostering and enhancing moral intelligence is essential for improving and increasing environmental attitudes and morality.The present study was conducted to investigate the role of moral intelligence in the environmental attitude and morality of the students at the University of Kashan. This research employed a descriptive-correlational design. Three standardized questionnaires, including the Moral Intelligence Questionnaire (Lennick & Kiel, 2005), the Environmental Attitude Questionnaire (Gagnon Thompson & Barton, 1994), and the Environmental Morality Questionnaire (Firoozfar et al., 2019), were used for data collection. The statistical population comprised all 5,597 undergraduate students at the University of Kashan, from which a sample of 265 students was selected using stratified random sampling proportional to size. The content validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by experts, and the reliability of the Environmental Attitude, Moral Intelligence, and Environmental Morality questionnaires was calculated to be 0.82, 0.89, and 0.91, respectively. Data analysis was performed using SPSS22 and AMOS software. The findings revealed that moral intelligence has a positive and significant effect on students' environmental attitudes and morality. Moreover, aspects of moral intelligence, including forgiveness, compassion, responsibility, and integrity, were directly related to environmental morality and attitude. Therefore, based on the results of the study, fostering and enhancing moral intelligence is essential for improving and increasing environmental attitudes and morality.https://ee.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_11158_6e75c6c72803f5d10845b98f3616cdd6.pdfPayame Noor UniversityJournals of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development2322-305712420240621An Analytical Study on the Impact of Development-Driven Education on Environmental Improvement with Emphasis on the Human Development IndexAn Analytical Study on the Impact of Development-Driven Education on Environmental Improvement with Emphasis on the Human Development Index1351461118610.30473/ee.2024.71243.2737FAAliShojaeifardAssociate Professor, Department of Management ,Payame Noor University, Tehran, IranSamiraMotaghiAssociate Professor, Department of Economics, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20240506The present study aims to present an analytical review of the relationship between development-driven education and environmental improvement. Previous research in this field has often examined the effect of environmental pollution on the human development index in general. However, this study uniquely focuses on a separate review of human development indicators on the environment and education. Thus, this study applied an econometric method using Eviews<sub>13</sub> software during the years 1990-2023. The analytical review of the effect of development-driven education on environmental improvement, with an emphasis on the human development index, was conducted among selected countries of the Middle East (United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Yemen, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Oman, Qatar, Turkey, Syria, Cyprus, and Saudi Arabia) and Iran. The dependent variable in this paper was CO2 emission, and the independent variables included education, health, standard of living (a measure to evaluate the human development index), fossil fuel consumption, and the growth rate of the urban population. The results of the study in the Middle Eastern countries indicate that the measurement dimensions of the human development index have a negative and significant effect on environmental pollution. Higher human development is beneficial for the environment and mitigates CO2 emissions and other pollutants. Additionally, this protects the environment by lowering pressure on natural resources. The variables of urbanization rate and fossil fuel consumption have a positive effect on the level of air pollution. In addition, the results of the study in Iran demonstrate that fossil fuel consumption and urbanization are factors that directly influence the country’s air pollution, and the measurement dimensions of the human development index. No significant relationship was found regarding education (average years of education for adults), but a negative and significant effect was shown on environmental pollution.The present study aims to present an analytical review of the relationship between development-driven education and environmental improvement. Previous research in this field has often examined the effect of environmental pollution on the human development index in general. However, this study uniquely focuses on a separate review of human development indicators on the environment and education. Thus, this study applied an econometric method using Eviews<sub>13</sub> software during the years 1990-2023. The analytical review of the effect of development-driven education on environmental improvement, with an emphasis on the human development index, was conducted among selected countries of the Middle East (United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Yemen, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Oman, Qatar, Turkey, Syria, Cyprus, and Saudi Arabia) and Iran. The dependent variable in this paper was CO2 emission, and the independent variables included education, health, standard of living (a measure to evaluate the human development index), fossil fuel consumption, and the growth rate of the urban population. The results of the study in the Middle Eastern countries indicate that the measurement dimensions of the human development index have a negative and significant effect on environmental pollution. Higher human development is beneficial for the environment and mitigates CO2 emissions and other pollutants. Additionally, this protects the environment by lowering pressure on natural resources. The variables of urbanization rate and fossil fuel consumption have a positive effect on the level of air pollution. In addition, the results of the study in Iran demonstrate that fossil fuel consumption and urbanization are factors that directly influence the country’s air pollution, and the measurement dimensions of the human development index. No significant relationship was found regarding education (average years of education for adults), but a negative and significant effect was shown on environmental pollution.https://ee.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_11186_9c137de663bf1e1c8bed5cd52253b4ad.pdfPayame Noor UniversityJournals of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development2322-305712420240621A Green Marketing Model Based on the Emotional Intelligence of ManagersA Green Marketing Model Based on the Emotional Intelligence of Managers1471621116010.30473/ee.2023.66712.2600FAAliYavariPh.D. Student in Marketing Management, Faculty of Management, Economics and Accounting, Ajabshir Azad University, Ajabshir, IranHosseinQarebeigloAssistant Professor, Faculty of Management, Economics and Accounting, Ajabshir Azad University, Ajabshir, Iran0000-0002-5547-1040YaqupAlavimatinAssistant Professor, Faculty of Management, Economics and Accounting, Tabriz Azad University, Tabriz, IranNaserFeqhi FarahmandAssociate Professor, Faculty of Management, Economics and Accounting, Tabriz Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.Journal Article20230111The main goal of this research was to design a green marketing model based on the emotional intelligence of Iran's oil industry managers. This research was conducted based on a mixed-methods approach, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative phases. In the first stage, the research was classified as qualitative with an exploratory approach, and in the second stage, it was descriptive-quantitative-survey research. In the qualitative phase, the purposeful and snowball sampling method was employed based on the saturation rule by conducting 18 interviews with managers of companies under the Ministry of Petroleum and university marketing professors. The data were analyzed using the Strauss and Corbin coding method and MaxQDA2020 software, and finally, the research paradigm model was presented. In the quantitative part, 384 managers and employees of Iran's oil industry were selected by stratified random sampling. The obtained model was validated using the partial least squares method and Smart PLS software. The research results indicated a positive and significant effect of causal conditions on the central phenomenon, as well as a positive and significant effect of background conditions, the central phenomenon, and intervention conditions on strategies. Also, strategies were found to have a positive and significant effect on the consequences of green marketing based on the emotional intelligence of managers.The main goal of this research was to design a green marketing model based on the emotional intelligence of Iran's oil industry managers. This research was conducted based on a mixed-methods approach, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative phases. In the first stage, the research was classified as qualitative with an exploratory approach, and in the second stage, it was descriptive-quantitative-survey research. In the qualitative phase, the purposeful and snowball sampling method was employed based on the saturation rule by conducting 18 interviews with managers of companies under the Ministry of Petroleum and university marketing professors. The data were analyzed using the Strauss and Corbin coding method and MaxQDA2020 software, and finally, the research paradigm model was presented. In the quantitative part, 384 managers and employees of Iran's oil industry were selected by stratified random sampling. The obtained model was validated using the partial least squares method and Smart PLS software. The research results indicated a positive and significant effect of causal conditions on the central phenomenon, as well as a positive and significant effect of background conditions, the central phenomenon, and intervention conditions on strategies. Also, strategies were found to have a positive and significant effect on the consequences of green marketing based on the emotional intelligence of managers.https://ee.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_11160_351f7b6d932b5e468c1c62bba4e2c181.pdf