Somayyeh Mola; Eskandar Fathi-Azar; Yousef Adib; Abdo-Alrahman Namdar
Volume 6, Issue 4 , September 2018, , Pages 91-102
Leila Safa; Vida Mohamadian Saghinsara
Abstract
Today, environmental problems have created a serious threat to the sustainability of rural communities. Many scholars maintain that a significant part of these problems is primarily caused by human’s environmentally irresponsible Behaviours. Therefore, investigation and recognition of individuals’ ...
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Today, environmental problems have created a serious threat to the sustainability of rural communities. Many scholars maintain that a significant part of these problems is primarily caused by human’s environmentally irresponsible Behaviours. Therefore, investigation and recognition of individuals’ environmental Behaviours are a key prerequisite to resolve the environmental problems. Regarding the importance of the issue, the main objective of this descriptive- correlation research was to study factors determining the villagers’ pro-environmental Behaviours in the rural regions of Tabriz County. The statistical population of the research consisted of all villagers’ heads of households in Tabriz County (N= 34308). According to the Bartlett et al. (2001) formula, 380 of them were selected by a multi-stage sampling method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire which its content validity confirmed by a panel of experts. A pilot study conducted to establish the reliability of the questionnaire. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the main scales of the questionnaire were at appropriate levels (ranged from 0.689 to 0.867). The results indicated that the surveyed villagers showed pro-environmental Behaviours at a relatively low level. According to results, variables of the awareness of the consequences of non-compliance of pro-environmental Behaviours, the use of information and communication resources in the field of environmental issues, agricultural experience and attitudes towards doing pro-environmental Behaviours were the main factors determining the villagers’ pro-environmental Behaviours in the rural regions of Tabriz County. The statistical population of the research consisted of all villagers’ heads of households in Tabriz County. Furthermore, the results showed that there was a significant difference between the villagers’ pro-environmental Behaviours in terms of the existence/absence of environmental organizations so that the villagers behaved more pro-environmentally in the regions with the organization
M. Delnavaz; M. S. Sarmadi; M. Yazdani; A.H. Sadeghi
Volume 5, Issue 3 , June 2017, , Pages 101-114
Abstract
This study is performed with the purpose of familiarity of human force working in water and wastewater industry of the country with features and advantages of using deep Aerators as a replace for surface Aerators and also feasibility for using it in Aerated Lagoons processes by using descriptive method ...
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This study is performed with the purpose of familiarity of human force working in water and wastewater industry of the country with features and advantages of using deep Aerators as a replace for surface Aerators and also feasibility for using it in Aerated Lagoons processes by using descriptive method from the type of document analysis. Present study in the first step is investigated for improving quality and empowerment of human force of aeration processes in Lagoons and explains related types of methods to each one and then the types of Aerators such as deep, surface mechanical and undersurface Aerators and also pump Aerators of performance method and effective factors on it are investigated that informing these affairs can cause the improvement of scientific level, familiarity with new developments in the world and at last remaining and life of more related organizations. At last by utilizing results arising other researches, a comparison is performed between two methods that the result shows that using deep Aerators instead of surface Aerators had 19.78 percent decline in consumed energy and as a result it will be along with economic saving and increasing efficiency of multiple indices for evaluating waste pollution that we know it as an effective step through correct management of resources and creating sustainable development in water and wastewater industry of the country.
Hossein Alkajbaf; Mojtaba Ansarian
Abstract
In December 2019, some people in China were diagnosed with pneumonia which was found in the first studies to be related to the animal and food market in Wuhan, China. The newly identified virus which was named "Coronavirus 2019” spread all around the world, influencing different economic, political, ...
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In December 2019, some people in China were diagnosed with pneumonia which was found in the first studies to be related to the animal and food market in Wuhan, China. The newly identified virus which was named "Coronavirus 2019” spread all around the world, influencing different economic, political, and cultural fields. Since one of the most important sectors affected by the virus was the environment, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the realization of the right to a healthy environment. The findings showed that the virus reduced fossil fuels-related activities, especially in the world's oil companies and fashion and textile industries with high water consumption and water pollution, Decreasing air air pollution due to reduced domestic and foreign travel, And increasing the consumption of household safe drinking water and a decrease in the production of waste, especially toxic kinds. Also, the virus partially altered consumerism and international macro-behavioral patterns inconsistent with sustainable development, so that at the individual level, the purchase of unnecessary clothing and consumables was not done solely change the mood and on a global level, it strengthened the hope of living without fossil fuels and replacing them with renewable energy.
A. Mirfardi
Volume 5, Issue 1 , December 2016, , Pages 105-118
Abstract
Since Environmental problems are increasing day by day, environment protection needs pro-environmental behavior. This research was aimed to study the environmental behavior of Noorabad Mamasani's citizens and its relationship with socio-economic status and sense of social responsibility. The Statistics ...
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Since Environmental problems are increasing day by day, environment protection needs pro-environmental behavior. This research was aimed to study the environmental behavior of Noorabad Mamasani's citizens and its relationship with socio-economic status and sense of social responsibility. The Statistics society was 15 years and older residents of Noorabad Mamasani; from which 400 people were determined based on Lin Sampling Table (1976) as sample size and were selected by classified-multi stage random sampling method. The structured questionnaire, which provided via the scale of environmental attitude (Salehi Omran & Aghamohamadi, 2008) and the scale of social responsibility sense(Haghighatian and Omidi, 2008) and environmental behavior (Novah & Forootan Kia, 2011), was used as the research tool. The findings showed that the dependent variable (environmental behavior) has a significant and meaningful relationship with the variables of social responsibility and environmental attitude (99%) and socioeconomic status (95%). The results showed that attitudes and beliefs of individuals, which are the indictor of their socialization conditions, have an important role in the environmental behaviors.
Asghar Abolhasani; Samira Motaghi; Ehsan Farhadi
Abstract
Increased pollution and environmental degradation due to the unilateral development of the industry is one of the issues of interest from international assemblies, conservation organizations and the prevailing view of environmentalists. This, despite the great influence on the economic growth and development ...
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Increased pollution and environmental degradation due to the unilateral development of the industry is one of the issues of interest from international assemblies, conservation organizations and the prevailing view of environmentalists. This, despite the great influence on the economic growth and development of the regions, has created a great deal of danger for the inhabitants of the planet and destroyed the environment by reducing the fertility of the environment. But the expressed view, with the view of development economists, that it is said that in the early stages of development, it is accompanied by a deterioration in the environment, but then reaches a certain level of growth, and at this point, growth tends to improve in the environment (U-inversion hypothesis), especially for developing countries like Iran, and the same, researchers have discussed the relationship between economic growth and air pollution in Iran and the confirmation or rejection of the U-inversion Kuznets hypothesis, with application Indicators of industrialization, economic status, and energy consumption during the period from 1365 to 1395;The results of the estimation of the research model confirm the Kuznets hypothesis in Iran, as well as the significance of the role of industrialization of the country and energy consumption (in reverse) and And the lack of influence of the education indicator (in a current manner) in improving the quality of the environment.
Environmental Education
Zaeimeh Farjadinezhad; Mehrdad Goodarzvand Chegini; Hamidreza Rezaee Kelidbari; Morad Rezaee Dizgah
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to develop a model of positive organizational behavior with an emphasis on environmental consequences and also to investigate the relationship between the characteristics of positive organizational behavior with individual, organizational, and environmental consequences. ...
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The purpose of this study is to develop a model of positive organizational behavior with an emphasis on environmental consequences and also to investigate the relationship between the characteristics of positive organizational behavior with individual, organizational, and environmental consequences. This is an applied research with an integrated method (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population of the study included water and sewage industry experts and faculty members (20 people) who were sampled by snowball technique. For the quantitative part, 120 water and sewage workers in the country (2019-2020) were selected through the relative selection technique. Data collection tools include semi-structured interviews and researcher-made questionnaires. Qualitative data were analyzed by open, axial, and selective coding methods, and MAXQDA11, Smart PLS2, and SPSS23 were used to analyze the content of data and validation. In the quantitative part, content validity is used. The reliability and evaluation of measures were estimated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient method (89%). Findings from the present study showed that positive organizational behavior can be analyzed in five levels (individual, group, organizational, social, and environmental) and in the form of six categories (causal factors, characteristics, strategies, platforms, interventionists, consequences). Also, positive organizational behavior has a positive and significant relationship with environmental (0.711), behavioral (0.631), organizational outcomes (0.685). Therefore, it is necessary to model successful and leading organizations in the field of positive organizational behavior, training and holding workshops in the field of environment, creating a positive organizational atmosphere in order to achieve sustainable development of the environment.
Nasrin Mangeli; Rohollah Rezaei; Younes Khosravi
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was analyzing educational channels that could help to improve village participation in environmental protection projects. The main objective of this qualitative study was to identify the factors affecting wheat farmers’ adaptation to cope with climate change. The ...
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The main purpose of this study was analyzing educational channels that could help to improve village participation in environmental protection projects. The main objective of this qualitative study was to identify the factors affecting wheat farmers’ adaptation to cope with climate change. The statistical population of this study consisted of key experts and informants in Kerman Province,21 of them were selected using purposeful sampling and snowball technique. The collected data were analyzed using MAXQDA11 software. The results indicated that the most important adaptation actions to cope with climate changes in Kerman Province were on-farm actions including technical-agronomic, technological, water conservation, and sustainable environmental actions, and off-farm actions including managerial-economic, occupational, and diversification of livelihood. The results also showed that the main factors affecting adaptation actions to cope with climate changes in Kerman Province were three factors, institutional- supportive (i.e., legal-administrative, institutional-organizational, supportive, and economic), extension-awareness (i.e., extension-educational and information-advisory), and individual (i.e., individual-psychological), respectively.
Ali Akbar Malekirad; Fahimeh Tanja; Gholamhassan Vaezi
Abstract
Air pollution in different cities of the world is a complex mixture of toxic components, including particulate matter (PM), mainly produced by combustion processes. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted to investigate the relationship between air pollutants and mortality from cardiorespiratory ...
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Air pollution in different cities of the world is a complex mixture of toxic components, including particulate matter (PM), mainly produced by combustion processes. A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted to investigate the relationship between air pollutants and mortality from cardiorespiratory diseases in Mashhad. To this end, the data on mortality from cardiorespiratory diseases in 2012-2013 were obtained from Razavi Khorasan Health Organization. The mean daily concentration of air pollutants, including carbon monoxide (CO), PM with a diameter of 10 micrometers or less (PM10), and PM2.5 was calculated. The results of data analysis showed that there was a relationship between PM10 concentration and the rate of mortality from cardiovascular diseases in men. In addition, a significant relationship was observed between PM10 concentration and the rate of mortality from respiratory diseases in both men and women. The results indicated that there was a significant relationship between PM2.5 concentration and the rate of mortality from cardiorespiratory diseases in both men and women. There was also a significant relationship between CO concentration and the rate of mortality from respiratory diseases in women. The results demonstrated that PM2.5 has the greatest effect on mortality from cardiorespiratory diseases. The study findings were reported within the context of environmental communication by using the media tools to raise public awareness of the adverse effects of pollutants.
Environmental Education
Hossein Hafezi; Seyed Mehdi Pamenari; Mahdieh Rezaei
Abstract
Unfortunately, nowadays, the environment has faced many challenges, and addressing these challenges requires rethinking, re-creating, and repairing in order to preserve human life on Earth. Environmental education, especially in schools, has an undeniable role to play in alleviating these problems. The ...
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Unfortunately, nowadays, the environment has faced many challenges, and addressing these challenges requires rethinking, re-creating, and repairing in order to preserve human life on Earth. Environmental education, especially in schools, has an undeniable role to play in alleviating these problems. The way of teaching, especially active teaching methods, has a great effect on students' self-learning abilities, one of the most important of which is the cooperative method. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the teacher-assistant plan on the transfer of environmental concepts to 11th-grade high school students in Kashan. The research method was quantitative and based on the quasi-experimental method. The population of the study consisted of all male students of 11th-grade public schools in Kashan, 1171 people, who were selected using the available sampling method of two classes of 30 people. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data, the content validity of which was confirmed by environmental experts, and its reliability was obtained using Cronbach's alpha coefficient equal to 0.87. Data were analyzed at two levels, descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential (univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance) with SPSS26 software. The results showed that education based on the teacher-assistant plan is effective in transmitting environmental concepts and their components (excluding sound and biodiversity and tourism) to students. Therefore, it is possible to increase the quantity and quality of the transfer of environmental concepts in students by using appropriate teaching methods, the overflow of which can improve the environmental level of society.
Environmental Education
Mahbobeh Eskandari; Esmat Rasoli; Vahid Fallah
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to explain the design of a service learning curriculum model with an emphasis on green economics for junior high school students. This research is among the applied researches that have been done by qualitative-quantitative research method (Mixed Method). Accordingly, ...
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The purpose of this study is to explain the design of a service learning curriculum model with an emphasis on green economics for junior high school students. This research is among the applied researches that have been done by qualitative-quantitative research method (Mixed Method). Accordingly, by interviewing experts, a model was drawn for service learning with an emphasis on green economics; then the junior high school science teachers validated it. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of the study was all 630 junior high school science teachers in Sari and 238 teachers were selected as the research sample by simple random sampling using the Morgan table. Atlas TI software was applied to collect data in the qualitative part and SPSS and LISREL software in the quantitative part. The results revealed that the service-learning element has components of social reconstruction, social literacy training, and social action. Meanwhile, the green economy element has components of sustainable transportation, renewable energy, environmental health, green buildings, water management, and waste management.
Environmental Education
Reza Sepahvand; Jafar Abbaspour; Ayoob Sheikhizade
Abstract
Organizational green culture can be considered a source of competitive advantage, firstly, by understanding environmental strategies, and secondly, because of characteristics that are different from the culture of its competitors, it can be an invisible asset and difficult for competitors to imitate. ...
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Organizational green culture can be considered a source of competitive advantage, firstly, by understanding environmental strategies, and secondly, because of characteristics that are different from the culture of its competitors, it can be an invisible asset and difficult for competitors to imitate. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of green organizational culture on competitive advantage with an emphasis on the mediating role of green innovation in Ilam Cement Factory. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method. The statistical population of the study includes managers and employees of Ilam Cement Factory. 224 people were selected through statistical sampling using Cochran's formula. Standard questionnaires of green organizational culture measuring green innovation and competitive advantage were used to collect data. For data analysis, the structural equation modeling technique was used through SPSS25 and Smart PLS3 software. The results show that organizational culture has a direct positive and significant effect on competitive advantage and that it affects competitive advantage through the mediation variable of green innovation. Also, the results of data analysis showed that the green innovation variable has a positive and significant effect on competitive advantage.
Hoda Taie; Seyed Mohammad Shobeiri; Javad Hatami; Maryam Larijani
Abstract
As societies' sensitivity to the challenges of sustainability grows and expands, the development of sustainable cities has developed as another challenge, with education always being one of the tools of sustainable development. Schools play a wide role in planning and implementing education for sustainable ...
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As societies' sensitivity to the challenges of sustainability grows and expands, the development of sustainable cities has developed as another challenge, with education always being one of the tools of sustainable development. Schools play a wide role in planning and implementing education for sustainable development. The purpose of this study is to establish a framework and rank components of sustainable schools in order to develop sustainable cities in Iran. The present study is a mixed and exploratory study conducted in both qualitative and quantitative phases. In the qualitative phase, indicators of sustainable schools extracted by the study of literature and expert opinion, and in the quantitative phase, weighting of extractable variables using the method The ANP was conducted by 20 experts in the field. After analyzing the paired comparisons questionnaire, the weights of the indices were determined using EXCEL and Super Decision software. The results of the analysis showed that: student component with weight (0.33017), teacher (0.29086), curriculum (0.12801), school organization (0.11422), education (0.11382), and communication (0.1772). Have the most impact on the integration of school sustainability components in sustainable city design, respectively. Given the mission of education in the sustainability and growth of sustainable cities and in line with the gradual movement of schools towards sustainable development, changes to school standards are essential; and can be considered as one of the priority components of sustainable city development.
Environmental Education
Leila Bonyad; Akbar Zare shahabadi
Abstract
The aim of the current research was to analyze the discourse of upstream water documents in the time period (2011-2015) (2017-2021). Its statistical population consists of eleven documents from upstream water resources that were compiled in this period of time. The method of the present study is the ...
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The aim of the current research was to analyze the discourse of upstream water documents in the time period (2011-2015) (2017-2021). Its statistical population consists of eleven documents from upstream water resources that were compiled in this period of time. The method of the present study is the analysis of discourse by Laclau and Mouffe method and an attempt has been made to answer these three questions; What was the dominant discourse on the documents upstream of water? What have been the central signifiers, discourse components, a chain of equivalence, and the ruling otherness that represents this discourse? And what theory has been used to explain the discourse governing these documents? The analysis of these documents showed that the main discourse governing this period was environmental discourse, which is the main signifier and point of these documents and indicates the adoption of an environmental approach to natural resources. This discourse manifests itself in the othering the discourse of Sustainable development in these documents and the main and floating signifiers such as the discourse hegemony of reducing natural hazards and paying attention to the environment, education and promotion of agricultural and environmental development, attention to the environmental effects of actions, education and promotion of agricultural and environmental development, attention to the environmental effects of actions, attention to innovations in agriculture, regulating environmental activities, and granting and investing facilities in the agricultural sector has been a confirmation of this discourse, which is approved through equivalence signs such as encouraging investors to invest in projects, paying attention to climate-friendly technologies, developing green transportation.
Environmental Education
Mahnaz Jadidi; Ahmad Nohegar
Abstract
Population growth has led to unstable human use of ecosystems such as wetlands and has created numerous environmental problems. Shour, Shirin and Minab International Wetland is located in Hormozgan Province, where the livelihoods of local communities is directly dependent. This coastal wetland has been ...
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Population growth has led to unstable human use of ecosystems such as wetlands and has created numerous environmental problems. Shour, Shirin and Minab International Wetland is located in Hormozgan Province, where the livelihoods of local communities is directly dependent. This coastal wetland has been damaged in recent years that due to the ecological, socio-economic and cultural importance of the wetland, need to be protected. Because the best way to prevent environmental degradation is education and community participation, and students are one of the most important social groups in any community, students were selected as the target group. The purpose of this study is evaluating the impact of environmental education on the Level of Environmental Knowledge of students of different degrees in the context of Wetlands. The study was conducted in Tiab village schools from the marginal villages of the wetland and among the girls' schools in this village with a total of 313 students, 72 were selected as the sample. The sampling method is Purposeful and the research method is also cross-sectional. Data were collected through a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by experts. Reliability of the questionnaire was measured by SPSS-22 software and Cronbach's alpha was 0.8. Statistical tests were used to analyze the data. The results show that the provided training have a positive impact on all three levels and enhance the level of their environmental knowledge. Therefore, by educating students about the environment, we can take a positive step to protect the wetland ecosystems of the country.
Environmental Education
mohammad niroo; G Haji Hossein Nejhad
Volume 1, Issue 2 , February 2013, , Pages 1-12
Abstract
This study examines the impact of environmental education based on the theory of MI, to reform the traditional teaching model. Selected samples contain two groups, tested samples and control samples are available. Based on the theory of multiple intelligences in Gardner's teaching groups of test and ...
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This study examines the impact of environmental education based on the theory of MI, to reform the traditional teaching model. Selected samples contain two groups, tested samples and control samples are available. Based on the theory of multiple intelligences in Gardner's teaching groups of test and for control groups, the traditional method is used. Research findings indicate that multiple intelligences theory teaching method based on Gardner's attitude and interest students in correcting of misconception of student in regard to environmental education. Compared to traditional teaching methods is supremacy. Traditional approach to education, with the aim of transferring knowledge to students by speech witch is often based on verbal communication and logical – mathematical intelligence is done which are based on individual differences, learning the basic tools to understand each student's outcome. The results of this study and final conclusion indicated the use of MI method teaching entrance of environmental education is rather very necessary.
T. Basaki; J. Moghadasi; M.A. Nejat; M. Borghani Farahani; M. Najmi
Volume 4, Issue 3 , June 2016, , Pages 68-79
Abstract
The role of education in rural development can be summarized in the promotion of cultural knowledge, social, professional and increasing skill. Following that, the promotion of optimal efficiency will be achieved. Identifying the types of training methods is necessary for the correct application of it ...
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The role of education in rural development can be summarized in the promotion of cultural knowledge, social, professional and increasing skill. Following that, the promotion of optimal efficiency will be achieved. Identifying the types of training methods is necessary for the correct application of it in a variety of education. In this study, factors affecting the use of different methods of training the farmers as well as the role of group and host education were detected. Because according to the cost of the different media and in the absence of the ruling economic constraints, it is important to identify the most appropriate method for each area. In this study, a survey carried out preliminary exploration, then with an emphasis on its findings, basic research was conducted by survey. The study population consisted of 78,000 farmers in 1,400 villages in the Markazi province. Sampling was done with two-stage cluster sampling. Since more than half of the study population are illiterate and low literate, This point must be considered in the selection of suitable promotional methods and the methods used that need less education. Also, because of the distribution of farmers in different age groups, appropriate methods should be promoted in accordance with the existing theories of adult learning methods elections. However, in most of developing countries farmers education level is low; therefore the government action is necessary to implement technical and educational programs for farmers and enhance the capacity building of farmers by using information communication technologies.
H. Yazdani; A. Shams
Volume 4, Issue 4 , September 2016, , Pages 86-75
Abstract
The individual and social behaviors of people affect on the environment and its problems. The recognition of villagers’ social capital effect on their environmental behaviors can provide an important contribution to environmental protection planners in the rural areas. The current descriptive correlation ...
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The individual and social behaviors of people affect on the environment and its problems. The recognition of villagers’ social capital effect on their environmental behaviors can provide an important contribution to environmental protection planners in the rural areas. The current descriptive correlation study was done with the aim of investigating the social capital effect on villagers’ environmental behavior. The target population were all of the rural households in Marivan City (N=11228), by using Cochran sampling formula, 250 subjects selected through randomized multi-stage sampling method. Data analysis was done by using of Spss20 software and correlation and regression statistical methods step by step. The results showed that 82.8 percent of villagers have environmental protection behavior on an average level. The level of social trust, social cohesion and social participation in the viewpoint of the majority of villagers (65.6, 62.4 and 98 percent respectively) was moderate. The correlation analysis showed that there is a positive meaningful relationship among all three components of social capital with the villagers’ environmental behaviors. A step by step multiple regression analysis showed that four variables of educational level, social participation, age and social cohesion explain 37.7 percent of villagers environmental protection behavior level.
Asghar Mirfardi
Abstract
Environmental problem nowadays the is known as one Environmental problem nowadays the is known as one of important concerns in human life. This research has been studied the environmental attitude and its relationship with Religiousness in 15 years and older residents of Noorabad Mamasani. Using survey ...
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Environmental problem nowadays the is known as one Environmental problem nowadays the is known as one of important concerns in human life. This research has been studied the environmental attitude and its relationship with Religiousness in 15 years and older residents of Noorabad Mamasani. Using survey method, Statistics society had been 15 years and older residents of Noorabad Mamasani, from which 400 subjects were determined based on Sampling method (1976) and were selected by classified-multi stage random sampling method. Structured questionnaire, which provided via the scale of Religiousness (Mirfardi & Shayani, 2014) and the scale of attitude toward environment (Salehi Omran & Aghamohamadi, 2008), was used as research tool for data collection, which face validity and Cronbach's alpha were used for its validity and reliability, respectively. Reliability for environmental attitude and religiosity were 0.76 and 0.79, respectively. The findings showed that the dependent variable has direct significant relationship with the variables of religiosity and indirect significant relationship with age. Religiousness determined 14.1 percentages of dependent variable. Study showed that religiosity has important role in pro-environmental attitude. Offering educational programs for enhancing religious commitments which related to environment is advised.
A. Ghiasi Zarch; F. Jafari
Volume 5, Issue 4 , September 2017, , Pages 99-112
Abstract
Focusing on the role of Persian as a Foreign Language in environmental education and sustainable development through tourism, this article views the foreign learners of Persian in Iran as potential resources for expanding tourism and sustainable development. The article argues that through co-planning ...
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Focusing on the role of Persian as a Foreign Language in environmental education and sustainable development through tourism, this article views the foreign learners of Persian in Iran as potential resources for expanding tourism and sustainable development. The article argues that through co-planning and joint investment, different institutions such as tourism organizations, the Department for Environment, and the Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology can efficiently deploy such resources toward boosting incoming foreign tourism to the country. The core of the argument is that via its verbal and non-verbal features, and as a powerful means of communication between individuals, language plays a significant role in connecting tourists and the local people in host communities. More specifically, it is argued that incorporating the literary and historical riches of the Iranian culture into tourism programs and teaching Persian can help develop tourism. This can be achieved through leveraging the way the environment and nature are represented in the Iranian myths, literature, popular culture, rituals, and traditions. To reflect such capacities, the article employed a phenomenological qualitative method using interviews with 40 foreign students of the Persian Language about their experiences of tourism in Iran. The results of the study show that by more efficient management and planning, related organizations can play a significant role in exploring the capacity of the centers for teaching Persian as a Foreign Language in contributing to the national programs for tourism, the environment, and sustainable development.
Environmental Education
Mohammad Taghi Heydari; Anita Majidi Heravi; Mohammad Rasoli; Parvin Rahami
Abstract
Education is not limited to chalk and talk in the 21st century, but learning science is possible through different formats and methods. Meanwhile, visual representations of a city could be considered by a system of signs and based on the opposition between emotional motivation and the visible structure ...
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Education is not limited to chalk and talk in the 21st century, but learning science is possible through different formats and methods. Meanwhile, visual representations of a city could be considered by a system of signs and based on the opposition between emotional motivation and the visible structure of the material world and through a complex system of signs, as well as social, economic, and cultural characteristics of the communities. Hence, these visual representations of the cities play an important role in the metamorphosis of urban spaces; besides reproduction or elimination and decline of semantic values during time. With this approach, the main purpose of this paper is to study the function feasibility of theme parks in the realization of learning city. This topic is important for urban planning studies, more than ever with respect to the concepts and theoretical and practical configurations. In regard to its purpose and nature, this study is an applied research, and based on its method it is a descriptive-analytical study. The study was carried out in September 2017. Thus, 34 items with seven components and four indicators have been identified to check the thematic parks for the realization of a learning city. Mental model software is used to analyze the performance of the indicators. Confirmatory factor analysis was used in SMART PLS software to confirm or reject the performance findings of the indicators. The research results showed that the items have been effective in the theme parks with different coefficients (from high to low impacts) and with an increasing trend in the realization of learning city, in this way, the indicators of continuity in activities, creating conditions for healthy competition, identifying competencies and moral excellence have had the greatest impacts and centrality with effect 11.21, 10.58, 10.45 and 10.41, respectively. Also, the findings of confirmatory factor analysis showed a strong relationship between the performance of theme parks and the learning city by confirming the relationship among the indicators, in Mellat Park of Zanjan.
R. Movahedi; N. Izadi; V. Aliabadi
Volume 5, Issue 2 , March 2017, , Pages 101-115
Abstract
Population growth and pollution resulting from their activities and climate changes of the last century, has increased concerns about preserving the environment for future generation so that nowadays environmental knowledge and attitude improvement is one of the major intellectual trends and political ...
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Population growth and pollution resulting from their activities and climate changes of the last century, has increased concerns about preserving the environment for future generation so that nowadays environmental knowledge and attitude improvement is one of the major intellectual trends and political strategies in most countries of the world. Development of this critical thinking has the first rank in NGOs such as the knowledge-based companies. The main objective of this study was to assess the environmental knowledge and attitude of staffs in agricultural knowledge-based companies and its relation with socio- political factors.This research is a descriptive- correlational one and it’s a quantitative research in terms of its nature. The statistical population were Kermanshah and Hamadan knowledge-based companies staffs and managers. According to latest statistics of growth centers the number of people was 175 in Kermanshah and Hamadan. The census method was used for determining the sample size in this study, 175 people participated in the study. In a survey, instrument of the research was a questionnaire. The questionnaire contained three parts: the first part were staffs demographic questions, Part II was an scale formed for measuring the knowledge of staffs and managers and Part III was related to their environmental attitude.The related indicators and categories for assessing the environmental attitude from NEP scale were selected as the basis of the project. After the process of data processing, statistical analysis (descriptive and inferential) using the SPSS15, Amos22 softwares was done. The results show that government policy makings, family commitment to protecting the environment, media, being a member of the NGO, education and training lead to changes in people's attitude to the environment.
S. Afshari; R. Rezaei; H. Gholizadeh; H. S. Fami
Volume 6, Issue 1 , December 2017, , Pages 101-113
Abstract
Given the importance of water resources as a key element in all sub-sectors of the economy, especially agriculture and at the same time,due to severe constraints and lack of the resources, it is inevitable to move towards sustainable management of water resources. In this respect, various scholars believe ...
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Given the importance of water resources as a key element in all sub-sectors of the economy, especially agriculture and at the same time,due to severe constraints and lack of the resources, it is inevitable to move towards sustainable management of water resources. In this respect, various scholars believe that the mental and psychological factors, particularly attitude are the main factors leading people to implementation of actions related to sustainable management of water resources. Regarding the importance of the issue, the main objective of this research was to study of factors determining the farmers’ attitude towards sustainable management of water resources. The statistical population of the research consisted of all farmers’ heads of household in Komijan County (N= 5100). According to the Bartlett et al. (2001) Table, 300 of them were selected by multistage sampling. The data collection tool was a questionnaire which its content validity confirmed by a panel of experts. A pilot study conducted to establish the reliability of the questionnaire. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the main scales of the questionnaire were at appropriate levels (ranged from 0.628 to 0.812). The results indicated that nearly half of the farmers were undecided towards sustainable management of water resources. According to results, variables of farmers' perception towards problems of sustainable water management, participating in the extension programs and activities and the volume of water storage ponds were the main factors determining the farmers’ attitude towards sustainable management of water resources in Komijan County. Furthermore, the results showed that there was a significant difference between the farmers’ attitude towards sustainable management of water resources in terms of type of water resource ownership, so that the farmers with private ownership had a more favorable attitude compared with farmers who had joint ownership.
Sedighe kiani salmi; Mohsen Shaterian
Volume 6, Issue 2 , March 2018, , Pages 101-116
Abstract
Today, environmental issues have deeply social concept and totally environmental issues have cultural roots and in order to accept the cultural context of a society should be structured to deal with the issue. The research method is descriptive-analytical and survey. The aim of this study was identifying ...
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Today, environmental issues have deeply social concept and totally environmental issues have cultural roots and in order to accept the cultural context of a society should be structured to deal with the issue. The research method is descriptive-analytical and survey. The aim of this study was identifying the role of social and cultural factors affecting environmental protection in the citizens of Kashan. The statistical population included of 275325 people living in the old and new city of Kashan that by using Cochran sampling formula and with Cluster random sampling method selected 300 samples. The method is survey research by using self-made questionnaire. The results of the t-test indicated that the role of cultural capital, social solidarity, social participation, environmental knowledge, environmental education, religious education and cultural identity on the protection of the environment is significant. Also the results show that there is no significant relationship between the investment of cultural, socio-cultural identity and social cohesion and their impact on the environment. There is significant relationship between the social participation and social and cultural education on environmental issues and environmental protection; this means that whatever the social participation in society is more, the environmental protection by them more. As well as it is necessary to give training about environmental issues to members of society, especially young people and children, we will face with a group that cares more to the natural environment around themselves.
Lida Mavadat; Javad Mousavi Dalini
Volume 6, Issue 4 , September 2018, , Pages 103-120
