Factors Affecting Sustainable Development in Mountaineering

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student, Sport Management Department, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.

2 Professor, Sport Management Department, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Sport Management Department, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the factors affecting sustainable development in mountaineering. The research method is exploratory and applied in terms of its purpose, and 150 mountaineers from the centers of the northwestern provinces of the country were selected by purposive sampling. The face and content validity of the research instrument was confirmed by a group of experts, and its constructive validity was confirmed by factor analysis based on structural equation modeling. Based on orthogonal rotational heuristic factor analysis, 34 items were categorized into eight factors that accounted for 52.44 of the variance of sustainable development. It is noteworthy that the results of confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficients supported the eight-factor structure of the 34-item questionnaire and confirmed its validity and reliability. The results of this study and the extractive dimensions of the tool show the factors affecting sustainable development in mountaineering sports and the results also can help mountaineers to pay more attention to some of the aspects of sustainable development in mountaineering and mountainous areas.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Ansari, M. H. (2014). “The role of sports in sustainable development: Proceedings of the National Conference on the Role of Sports in the Health System and Sustainable Development, Faculty of Physical Education”. University of Tehran. [In Persian]
Apollo, M., & Andreychouk, V. (2020). “The dynamics of mountaineering impact on the mountain environment: The progressive nature (stadiums) of the host-guest interactions”. In CAUTHE 2020: 20: 20 Vision: New Perspectives on the Diversity of Hospitality, Tourism and Events (pp. 533-535). Auckland, New Zealand: Auckland University of Technology.
Barzegar, S., Bakhshi, A., & Heydari, M. (2019). “Explaining socio-economic stability in small cities with sustainable development approach (Case study: Small cities of northern Iran)”. Majlis and Rahbord, 26(97), 5-38. [In Persian]
Boozhmehrani, S., & Razavi, M. H. (2015). “Identify and prioritize the strategies of developing environmental culture”. Strategic Studies of Sports and Youth, 14 (29), 1-19. [In Persian]
Chamarro, A., & Fernández-Castro, J. (2009). “The perception of causes of accidents in mountain sports: a study based on the experiences of victims”. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 41(1), 197-201.
Chamarro, A., Rovira, T., Edo, S., & Fernandez-Castro, J. (2019). “Risk judgments in climbers: The role of difficulty, meteorological conditions, confidence and appropriate tools”. Leisure Sciences, 41(3), 221-235.
Coalter, F. (2009). “Sport-in-development: accountability or development? In Sport and International Development”. Palgrave Macmillan. London, (pp. 55-75)
Ekhtyari, N., Eydi, H., & Shabanimoghadam, K. (2018). “Determining the model of effective factors on the development of environment culture in sport”. Applied Research in Sport Managemen, 7(2), 57-67. Doi: 10.30473/arsm.2018.5090. [In Persian]
Gatterer, H., Niedermeier, M., Pocecco, E., Frühauf, A., Faulhaber, M., Menz, V., & Burtscher, M. (2019). “Mortality in different mountain sports activities primarily practiced in the summer season—a narrative review”. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(20), 3920.
Ghasemi, H., Mozaffari, A. A., & Amirtash, A. M. (2007). “Development of sports through television in Iran”. Research in Sports Sciences, 5(17), 148-131. [In Persian]
Ghasemian, F. (2014). “Managerial view of mountaineering in schools”. The first national conference on the development of mountaineering in Iran: Islamshahr. ،،،https://civilica.com/doc/697873 [In Persian]
Ghorbani, M. H., Safari Jafarloo, H. R., & Esmaeili, M. R. (2020). “Sustainable development through sport: Barriers and strategies”. Sport Management Studies, 12(60), 83-102. [In Persian]
Gupta, S. K., Rout, P. C., & Tyagi, P. (2019). “Community based tourism development a mid complex mountain issues: A strategic analysis of Chakrata Region of Uttarakhand”. International Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Systems, 12(1), 47-54.
Gurung, A. B., Von Dach, S. W., Price, M. F., Aspinall, R., Balsiger, J., Baron, J. S., ... & Kohler, T. (2012). “Global change and the world's mountains—Research needs and emerging themes for sustainable development”. Mountain Research and Development, 32(S1). S47-S54.
Hartmann, D., & Kwauk, C. (2011). “Sport and development: An overview, critique, and reconstruction”. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 35(3), 284-305.
Hejbari, K. Ramezaninejad, R. & Abedinzadeh, R. (2019). “Sustainable development through sports; An Analysis of the Agenda 2030:”. 3rd National Congress of Sports and Health Sciences Achievements, Rasht. [In Persian]
Hesam, H., Golbakhsh, M. & Ahmadpour, I. (2014). ‘The role of motivation on the participation of professional and amateur mountaineers in Isfahan province:”. The first national conference on the development of mountaineering in Iran, Islamshahr. ،،،https://civilica.com/doc/697872 [In Persian]
Huddart, D., & Stott, T. (2020). “Adventure Tourism in the Himalayas. In Adventure Tourism”. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. (pp. 241-289).
Ilina, I. (2018). “Evolution of mountaineering in Rauma and its role in destination development” (Master's thesis, Høgskolen i Molde-Vitenskapelig høgskole i logistikk).
Kessenides, D. (2005). “Green is the new black. Inc”. Magazine, 27(6), 65-66.
Kopnina, H. (2020). “Education for the future? Critical evaluation of education for sustainable development goals’. The Journal of Environmental Education, 51(4), 280-291.
Levermore, R., & Beacom, A. (2009). “Opportunities, limitations, questions. In Sport and International Development”. Palgrave Macmillan, London. 246-268
Lindsey, I. (2009). “Sport- and sustainable- development: reconciling two contested concepts in theory and practice:”. 4th Congress of Economics of Sport, 08 - 09 May 2009
Lindsey, I., & Darby, P. (2019). “Sport and the sustainable development goals: Where is the policy coherence?”. International Review for the Sociology of Sport, 54(7), 793-812.
Lyras, A., & Peachey, J. W. (2011). “Integrating sport-for-development theory and praxis”. Sport Management Review, 14(4), 311-326.
Malekinia, E., Bazargan, A., Vaezi, M., & Ahmadian, M. (2014). “Identification and prioritization of sustainable university's factors”. Research & Planning in Higher Education, 20 (3), 1-26. [In Persian]
Mansell, P., Philbin, S. P., & Konstantinou, E. (2020). “Redefining the use of sustainable development goals at the organisation and project levels—a survey of engineers”. Administrative Sciences, 10(3), 1-39.
Markovic, J. J., & Petrovic, M. D. (2013). “Sport and recreation influence upon mountain area and sustainable tourism development”. Journal of Environmental and Tourism Analyses, 1(1), 80.
Mathez-Stiefel, S. L., Von Dach, S. W., Zimmermann, A., Breu, T., & Molden, D. (2019). “Focus issue: The role of culture in transformation towards sustainable development in mountains”. Mountain Research and Development, 39(4), 1-2.
Mirsoleimani, M. H., Mirsoleimani, M. R., Abedini, A., & Mirsoleimani, A. A. (2014). “Management of mountaineering camp programs, sports software and sustainable development:”. The first national conference on the development of mountaineering science in Iran, Islamshahr. https://civilica.com/doc/697868 [In Persian]
Mohammadifar, D., & Ebrahimi, M. )2003), “History of Iranian mountaineering”. Tehran: Sabzan. first1Ed. [In Persian]
Mondalizade, Z. (2014). “The concept of sustainability in sports:”. 8th International Conference on Physical Education and Sports Science, Tehran. [In Persian]
Moradi Chaleshtari, J., Moradi, M. R., Norouzian Ghahfarkhi, S., & Jamali, M. (2016). “Investigating the economic barriers affecting the attraction of foreign investment in the football industry of the Islamic Republic of Iran”. Journal of Sport Management and Motor Behavior, 12(23). 191-204. [In Persian]
Nazari, L., & Shabani Moghaddam. K. (2020). “Impact of environmental perception on sustainable development in sport”. Journal of Motor and Behavioral Sciences, 3(1), 61-67. [In Persian]
Niazy, P., Nazari, R., & Azimzade, M. (2020). “Developing the model of sustainable development of sport entrepreneurship in Iran from the perspective of strategic thinking based on the grounded theory”. New Trends in Sport Management, 8(29), 87-103. [In Persian]
Río-Rama, M., Maldonado-Erazo, C., Durán-Sánchez, A., & Álvarez-García, J. (2019). “Mountain tourism research a review”. European Journal of Tourism Research, 22, 130-150.
Rout, C. P., & Gupta, S. K. (2017). “Asset based community development in mountain environs: a strategic application for sustainable community based tourism development in the Jaunsar-Bawar region of Uttarakhand, India. African Journal of Hospitality”. Tourism and Leisure, 6(3), 1-11.
Safari, Z., & Isfahani, N. (2015). “The relationship between natural sports attractions and the development of sports tourism in Hamadan:”. The second international conference on management and development culture, Tehran. [In Persian]
Schulenkorf, N. (2012). “Sustainable community development through sport and events: A conceptual framework for sport-for-development projects”. Sport Management Review, 15(1), 1-12.
Singh, C., Chauhan, N., Upadhyay, S. K., Singh, R., & Rani, A. (2021). “The Himalayan natural resources: Challenges and conservation for sustainable development”. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 10(1), 1643-1648.
Spaaij, R., & Schaillée, H. (2019). “Unsanctioned aggression and violence in amateur sport: A multidisciplinary synthesis”. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 44, 36-46.
Taghvayi, M., & Safarabadi, A. (2014). “Sustainable urban development and the factors affecting it (case study: the city of Kermanshah)”. Urban Sociological Studies, 3(6), 22-1. [In Persian]
Thöni, V., McMillan, L., Gérard, S., & Adler, C. E. (2015). “Supporting sustainable tourism development in mountain regions: Experiences from the UIAA's Mountain Protection Award”. In Perth III: Mountains of our Future Earth.
Waas, T., Hugé, J., Ceulemans, K., Lambrechts, W., Vandenabeele, J., Lozano, R., & Wright, T. (2012). “Sustainable higher education”. Understanding and Moving Forward. Flemish Government – Environment, Nature and Energy Department, Brussels.
Wehrli, A. (2014). “Why mountains matter for sustainable development”. Mountain Research and Development, 34(4), 405-409.
Wengel, Y. (2021), “The micro-trends of emerging adventure tourism activities in Nepal”, Journal of Tourism Futures, 7 (2), 209-215.
Yavari, A. R. (2002). “World year of mountains and the status of mountain ecosystems in Iran”. Journal of Environmental Studies, 28(30), 87-96. [In Persian]
Zahedi Darshouri, S., & Sabet, A. (2019). “Causal model the sustainable environmental development based on knowledge management and green productivity”. Civil and Project Journal, 1(10), 39-54. [In Persian]
Zahedi, Sh. A. (2016). “Comprehensive sustainable development with emphasis on green entrepreneurship management and entrepreneurship”. Tehran: Allameh Tabatabaei University Press. [In Persian]
Zahir, A. H., Latif, R. A., & Nawi, N. F. (2020). “Safety Awareness attitudes among Malaysian climbers”. Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal, 5(13), 259-264.
Zarabi, A., & Eslami Parikhani, S. (2011). “Measuring of economical, social- cultural and environmental affects of tourism development (Case Study: Meshkinshahr)”. Human Geography Research, (75), 37-52. [In Persian]
Zimmermann, M., & Keiler, M. (2015). “International frameworks for disaster risk reduction: Useful guidance for sustainable mountain development?”. Mountain Research and Development, 35(2), 195-202.
Journals of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development
Volume 12, Issue 2
2024
Pages 165-183

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics