The Impact of Ports’ Social Responsibility on the Development of Coastal Cities: A Study with a Mixed Approach

Raoufi Maram, Naji; Amirnejad, Ghanbar; Makvandi, Foad; Chenari, Vahid

doi:10.30473/ee.2024.60240.2404

The Impact of Ports’ Social Responsibility on the Development of Coastal Cities: A Study with a Mixed Approach

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

¹ Ph.D. Student, Department of Public Administration, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shushtar, Iran

² Associate Professor, Department of Public Administration, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

³ Assistant Professor, Department of Public Administration, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shushtar, Iran

⁴ Assistant Professor, Department of Public Administration, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shushtar, Iran.

10.30473/ee.2024.60240.2404

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the impact of the social responsibility of ports on the development of coastal cities. In terms of purpose, this study is applied research that has been conducted with a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) approach in terms of its nature and implementation. The statistical sample in the qualitative section includes 13 university experts and senior managers of the Ports and Maritime Organization, and the quantitative section includes 300 employees of the Ports and Maritime Organization. Semi-structured interviews and questionnaires were used to collect data in the qualitative and quantitative sections, respectively. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by face validity, content validity, and convergent validity, and its reliability was confirmed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient and combined reliability. To analyze the data in the qualitative part, the content analysis method was used, and in the quantitative part, the partial least squares technique was applied. Based on the results obtained in this study, it was found that the social responsibility of ports from four perspectives—improving the livelihood of coastal residents, tourism development, empowerment of local communities, and providing a platform for sustainable development—affects the development of coastal cities. Validation of the model obtained in a survey study showed that the proposed model has good validity. At the end of this article, in addition to discussing the research findings, practical guidelines are provided.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Environmental Education and Sustainable Development and Training program

References

Acciaro, M. (2015). “Corporate responsibility and value creation in the port sector”. International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 18(3), 291-311.

Adnan, S. M., Hay, D., & van Staden, C. J. (2018). “The influence of culture and corporate governance on corporate social responsibility disclosure: A cross country analysis”. Journal of Cleaner Production, 198, 820-832.

Ardalan, M., Ghanbari, S., Beheshti Rad, R., Navidi, P. (2015). “The Effect of Social Capital and Social Responsibility on Organizational Commitment; Case Study: Staff of Razi University, Kermanshah”. Educational Measurement and Evaluation Studies, 5(10), 109-132. [In Persian]

Ashrafi, M., Walker, T. R., Magnan, G. M., Adams, M., & Acciaro, M. (2020). “A review of corporate sustainability drivers in maritime ports: a multi-stakeholder perspective”. Maritime Policy & Management, 47(8), 1027-1044.

Barauskaite, G., & Streimikiene, D. (2021). “Corporate social responsibility and financial performance of companies: The puzzle of concepts, definitions and assessment methods”. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 28(1), 278-287.

Barnett, M. L., Henriques, I., & Husted, B. W. (2020). “Beyond good intentions: Designing CSR initiatives for greater social impact”. Journal of Management, 46(6), 937-964.

Baxi, C. V., & Ray, R. S. (2012). Corporate social responsibility. Vikas Publishing House.

Bowen, H. (1953). Social Responsibilities of the

Businessman. New York: Harper.

Dwarakish, G. S., & Salim, A. M. (2015). “Review on the Role of Ports in the Development of a Nation”. Aquatic Procedia, 4, 295-301.

Iris, Ç., & Lam, J. S. L. (2019). “A review of energy efficiency in ports: Operational strategies, technologies and energy management systems”. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 112, 170-182.

Jansen, M., Van tulder, R. & Afrianto, R. (2018), “Exploring the conditions for inclusive port development: the case of Indonesia”, Maritime Policy and Management, 45(7), 924-943.

Kang, D., & Kim, S. (2017). “Conceptual model development of sustainability practices: The case of port operations for collaboration and governance”. Sustainability, 9(12), 2333.

Karataş Çetin, N., & Denktaş Şakar, G. Ü. L. (2015). “Value-driven corporate social responsibility in ports”. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 12(29), 405-429.

Kazempour, M., Rahimian, N. (2019). “Corporate social responsibility: Concepts, Dimensions, Theories and Review of models”. Journal of accounting and social interests, 8(4), 143-165. [In Persian]

Khan, F. R., & Al Mamari, A. (2016). “Corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities of selected companies at Sohar Port, Oman”. International Journal of Management, Innovations & Entrepreneurial Research, 2(1), 01-12.

Klimek, H., Michalska-Szajer, A., & Dąbrowski, J. (2019). “Corporate social responsibility of the Port of Gdansk”. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 36(6), 799-807

Klimek, H., Michalska-Szajer, A., & Dąbrowski, J. (2020). “Corporate social responsibility of the Ports of Szczecin and Świnoujście”. Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie.

Ligteringen, E., & Zadek, S. (2005). “The future of corporate responsibility codes, standards and frameworks”. Journal of Business Ethics, 84(4), 479-495

Lis, B. (2012). “The relevance of corporate social responsibility for a sustainable human resource management: An analysis of organizational attractiveness as a determinant in employees' selection of a (potential) employer”. Management revue. Socio-economic Studies, 23, 279-295. https://doi.org/10.1688/1861-9908_MREV_2012_03_LIS

López-Morales, J. S., Huerta-Estévez, A., Andrade-Estrada, M. G., & Zarrabal-Gutiérrez, C. G. (2020). “Corporate social responsibility in ports of Latin America”. Marine Economics and Management. 27 (4), 397-426

Lu, J., Liang, M., Zhang, C., Rong, D., Guan, H., Mazeikaite, K., & Streimikis, J. (2021). “Assessment of corporate social responsibility by addressing sustainable development goals”. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 28(2), 686-703.

Maruszczak, M., Drop, N., & Durajczyk, P. (2021). “Identification of Areas of Corporate Social Responsibility Based on the Example of Polish and German Seaports in the Baltic Sea Region”. European Research Studies Journal, 24(2B), 394-409.

Mohammed, A., & Rashid, B. (2018). “A conceptual model of corporate social responsibility dimensions, brand image, and customer satisfaction in Malaysian hotel industry”. Kasetsart Journal of social sciences, 39(2), 358-364.

Moon, D. S. H., Woo, J. K., & Kim, T. G. (2020). “Green ports and economic opportunities”. In Corporate social responsibility in the maritime industry (pp. 167-184). Springer, Cham.

Muafi, M. (2017). “From company reputation to environmental performance. The context of corporate social responsibility port manager in Indonesia”. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism (JEMT), 8(07 (23)), 1386-1398.

Rahnamay Roodposhti F, zandi A. (2019). “The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility and Influential Institutional Ownership the Firm Value”. Quarterly Journal of fiscal and Economic policies. 7 (27),133-159. [In Persian]

Tamvada, M. (2020). “Corporate social responsibility and accountability: a new theoretical foundation for regulating CSR”. International Journal of Corporate Social Responsibility, 5(1), 1-14.

Wang, Y. L., Shen, K. Y., Huang, J. Y., & Luarn, P. (2020). “Use of a refined corporate social responsibility model to mitigate information asymmetry and evaluate performance”. Symmetry, 12(8), 1349-1358

Yuen, K. F., & Thai, V. V. (2017). “Corporate social responsibility and service quality provision in shipping firms: financial synergies or trade-offs?”. Maritime Policy & Management, 44(1), 131-146.