Analysis of Knowledge, Attitude, and Environmental Behaviors of Managers of Sports Facilities

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 M.Sc. Student, Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran

2 Associate Professor of Sport Management, Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, zarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran

3 Associate Professor of Sport Management, Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran

10.30473/ee.2025.73222.2806

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the levels of environmental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among managers of sports facilities in Tabriz, Iran. The research adopted a descriptive, applied-developmental design. The statistical population consisted of all managers of public sports facilities in Tabriz (N = 97), A full census sampling method was employed, with managers from 63 sports complexes ultimately participating in the study. Data were collected using validated questionnaires measuring environmental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. The face and content validity of the instruments were confirmed by experts in sports management, and reliability was established using Cronbach's alpha. Non-parametric statistical tests, including the Sign test, Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, and the Mann-Whitney U test, were applied to analyze the data using SPSS version 26, with a significance level set at p≤ 0.05. The findings revealed no significant difference between the managers' environmental knowledge and behavior scores and the midpoint; however, their environmental attitude scores were significantly below the midpoint. Further analysis indicated no significant relationship between environmental knowledge and either environmental attitudes or behaviors. In contrast, a significant correlation was observed between environmental attitudes and behaviors. Additionally, the results showed that the managers' environmental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors were not significantly associated with their education level, years of experience, or participation in professional development courses.
The findings revealed no significant difference between the managers' environmental knowledge and behavior scores and the midpoint; however, their environmental attitude scores were significantly below the midpoint. Further analysis indicated no significant relationship between environmental knowledge and either environmental attitudes or behaviors. In contrast, a significant correlation was observed between environmental attitudes and behaviors. Additionally, the results showed that the managers' environmental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors were not significantly associated with their education level, years of experience, or participation in professional development courses.

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References

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Journals of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development
Volume 14, Issue 2
January 2026
Pages 141-158

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