Identifying the Affecting Factors in the Development of Sustainable Tourism and Presenting Strategic Model in the Coastal Areas of Ramsar

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Phd student of Environmental Science and Engineering, Department of Planning and Designing the Environment, Environmental Science Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.

2 2. Assistant Professor, Department of Planning and Designing the Environment, Environmental Science Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Coastal areas, due to having significant capabilities and attractions, must pass through sustainable tourism development in order to achieve successful tourism, so sustainable tourism development as a management strategy in coastal areas is of particular importance. In this study, in order to identify the effective factors in the development of sustainable tourism in the coastal region of Ramsar, a number of indicators were surveyed in the form of a questionnaire from 383 tourists. The results indicated that most tourists have identified environmental health status indicators and tourism services and facilities as the most important indicators in the area. In addition, a SWOT- ANP model was used for strategic planning and provide optimal strategies for achieving integrated and optimal management. As the results show that aggressive-competitive strategies (SO) with a score of 0.544 were selected as the best strategies, that these strategies should be considered by managers and planners in order to improve and develop conservation in the area. Also, in SO strategies, by relying on strengthening the strengths and opportunities, tourism development can be developed on an appropriate scale and in the capacity and potential of the area. In addition to the strategies presented in this study, increasing the level of tourist culture by providing environmental education (development of various educational, sports, entertainment, etc.) can also help improve the protection and development of sustainable tourism in these areas.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

 
Adish, M. A. & Ramezanifar, H. (2017). “Investigation of tourism potentials in the coastal areas of Ramsar”. Mazandaran Law Enforcement Quarterly, 2 (29),148-165. [In Persian].
Antara, M. )2016(. “Comparison of four patterns management of coastal tourism destination in Bali- Indonesia”. E-Journal of Tourism Udayana University, 3, 1, 1-16.
North American Environmental Education Association, 2011. Report.
Ashok, S. Tewari, H. R. Behera, M. D., Behera, M. D., & Majumdar, A. )2017(. “Development of ecotourism sustainability assessment framework employing Delphi, C&I and participatory methods: A case study of KBR”. West Sikkim, India, Tourism Management Perspectives, 21, 24-41.
Barari, M. Firoozmand, M. & Hashempour, F. (2016). “Investigating economic effects of urban tourism from perspective of citizens
(Case study: Babolsar city)”. Journal of Geographical Sciences, 4, 41-55. [In Persian].
Bahari Meymandi, S. A. Daryabari, S.J. & Bakhshandeh Nosrat, A. (2018). “Evaluation of tourism capacities of Ramsar city from an environmental perspective”. Quarterly Journal of Geography (Regional Planning), (2) 8, 275-263. [In Persian].
Darvishi, R. Rezaei, M. R. & Shams Al-Dini, A. (2018). “The role of coastal tourism in economic development from the perspective of citizens (Case study: Bandar Deylam)”. Quarterly Journal of Geography and Regional Planning, 8 (4), 411-426. [In Persian].
Dibajnia, M., Soltanpour, M., Vafai, F., Jazayeri Shoushtari, S.M.H., & Kebriaee, A. (2012). “A shoreline management plan for Iranian coastlines”. Ocean and Coastal Management, 63, 1- 15.
Drius, M. Bongiorni, L. Depellegrin, D. Menegon, S. Pugnetti, A. & Stifter, S. (2019). “Tackling challenges for Mediterranean sustainable coastal tourism: An ecosystem service perspective”. Science of the Total Environment, 652, 1302-1317.
Dwyer, L. (2016). “Planning for Sustainable Tourism: An Alternative Paradigm”. International Journal of Tourism and Spirituality, 1(1), 28-43.
Ekinci, M. B. (2014). “The Cittaslow philosophy in the context of sustainable tourism development; the case of Turkey”. Tourism Management, 41, 178-89.
Faraji Sabkbar, H. A. Salmani, M. Fereydoni, F. Karimzadeh, H. & Rahimi, H. (2010). “Location of Rural Waste Sanitary Landfill Using Network Analysis Process (ANP) Model: A Case Study of Rural Areas of Quchan County”. Planning and arranging space,1 (65), 128-149. [In Persian].
Gu, M. & Wong, P. P. (2008). “Coastal zone management focusing on coastal tourism in a transitional period of China”. Ocean & Coastal Management, 51, 1–24.
Hall, C. M & Page, S. J. (2001). “The Geography of Tourism and Recreation, Routledge, London.
Honey, M. & Krantz, D. (2007). “Global Trends in Coastal Tourism, Marine Program World Wildlife Fund”. Center on Ecotourism and Sustainable Development, Washington, DC.
Inanloo, M. A. (2000). “The Situation of Tourism Advertisement in Iran”. A Collection of Articles in the Firstconference of Advertisement Industry, 183-186.
La Page. (2010). “Rethinking Park Protection: Treading the Uncommon Ground of Environmental Beliefs”. CABI, Wallingford.
Liu, C. H. Tzeng, G. H. Lee, M. Huei & Lee, P. Y. (2013). “Improving metro–airport. connection service for tourism development: Using hybrid MCDM models”. Tourism Management Perspectives, 6, 95–107.
Kachniewska, M. A. (2015). “Tourism development as a determinant of quality of life in rural areas, Worldwide”. Hospitality and Tourism Themes, 7(5), 500-515.
Kafyri, A., et al. (2012). “Determinants of visitor proenvironmental intentions on two small Greek islands: is ecotourism possible at coastal protected areas?” Environmental Management, 50 (1), 64-76.
Miller, M. L. Auyong, J. & Hadley, N. P. (2012). “Sustainable coastal tourism: challenges for management”. planning and education.
Mansoori, A. (2002). “Tourism and Sustainable Development, Tehran. Journal of Growth Education Geography”. Educational Aid Publishing Office, 63. [In Persian].
Maybodi, H. & Karimzadegan, H. (2012). “Research on how people participate in the development of environmental education in the metropolis of Mashhad”. Quarterly Journal of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development, 2 (1), 26-33. [In Persian].
Mogoei, R. Hosseini, S. & Al Mozaffar, R. (2017). “Presenting a strategic plan for coastal tourism (Case study: Nowshahr city)”. Oceanography. Eighth year, 29, 25-33. [In Persian].
Mosalaei, M. (2007). “Strategic planning: an approach to excellence”. Journal of Management, 39. [In Persian].
Panic, N. & Lovren, V. O. (2014). Ekoturizam kao Integralni deo Upravljanja Nacionalnim Parkom Djerdap”. Zavod za zaštitu prirode Srbije, Beograd.
Pourahmad, A. Hosseini, A. Orooji, H. & Alizadeh, M. (2013). “Priority for assessing cultural tourism development strategies in Alamut region of Qazvin”. Human Geographical Research, 45 (3),17-1. [In Persian].
Rezvani, M. Nojavan, M. & Ekhtiyari Rodsari, A. (2013). “Investigating the effect of non-formal education on environmental awareness (Case study: Gilan Province)”. Quarterly Journal of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development, 2 (1), 39-52. [In Persian].
Saaty, Thomas L. (1996). “Decision Making with Dependence and Feedback: The Analytic Network Process”. RWS Publications, Pittsburgh, PA.
Saghaei, M. Amini Nejad, G. R. & Saboohi, G. R. (2016). “Investigation of tourism capabilities of Bushehr coastal city based on SWOT and TOPSIS models”. Geography and environmental planning, 1 (61), 99-126. [In Persian].
Sayan, M. S. & Atik, M. (2011). “Recreation Carrying Capacity Estimates for tect Areas: A Study of Termessos National Park”, Ecoloji, 20 (78), 66-74.
Sobhani, P. Sayahnia, R. Mahmoudi, H. & Esmaeilzadeh, H. (2019). ‎“‎Estimation of the tourism carrying capacity in protect areas (Case study: Alvand No-Hunting Area)‎”‎. Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, 8, 51-64.
Soleimani Moghadam, M. & Eslami, Gh. (2011). “The role of residential infrastructure in tourism activities in Rasht”. Journal of Human Settlement Planning Studies, (6) 17, 115-105. [In Persian].
Sharpley, R. (2009). “Tourism Development and the Environment: Beyond Sustainability?” London: Earthscan.
Shiye, A. & Alipour Eshliki, S. (2010). “Analysis of quality factors in the coastal tourism environment according to the criteria of sustainable tourism, a case study of Ramsar beaches”. Utopia Quarterly, 5, 155-167. [In Persian].
UNWTO. (2020). UNWTO World Tourism Barometer. Madrid, Spain: UNWTO. 18 (2).
Wongthong, P. & Harvey, N. (2014). “Integrated coastal management and sustainable tourism: A case study of the reef-based SCUBA dive industry from Thailand”. Ocean & Coastal Management, 95, 138-146.
Zarabadi, Z. & Abdollah, B. (2013). “Evaluation of effective factors in the development of tourism industry in Chabahar Free Zone using network analysis process method”. Scientific-Research Journal of the Scientific Association of Architecture and Urban Planning of Iran, 1 (6),146-121. [In Persian].
Ziyayi, M. (2004). “Human Resources and training in the tourism sector (with emphasis on Tehran province)”. Journal of Tourism Studies, 6. 19-38. [In Persian].
 
Journals of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development
Volume 10, Issue 1
December 2021
Pages 175-193

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics