با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه زنجان

2 گروه ترویج، ارتباطات و توسعه روستایی دانشگاه زنجان

3 گروه مدیریت کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

با توجه به اهمیت منابع آب به عنوان یک عنصر کلیدی در تمام زیربخش­ های اقتصادی به ویژه کشاورزی و درعین‌حال، محدودیت و کمبود شدید این منابع، حرکت به سوی مدیریت پایدار منابع آب امری اجتناب ­ناپذیر به شمار می ­آید. در این زمینه، بسیاری از صاحب‌ نظران بر این باورند که عوامل ذهنی و روان­شناختی به ویژه نگرش از عوامل اصلی سوق دادن افراد به سوی به‌کارگیری اقدامات مرتبط با مدیریت پایدار منابع آب می­باشند. با در نظر گرفتن اهمیت موضوع، هدف اصلی این تحقیق بررسی عوامل تعیین‌کننده نگرش کشاورزان نسبت به مدیریت پایدار منابع آب بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش، تمام سرپرستان خانوار در شهرستان کمیجان بودند (5100=N) که با توجه به جدول بارتلت و همکاران (2001)، تعداد 300 نفر از آنان به روش نمونه‌گیری چندمرحله‌ای انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها پرسشنامه بود که روایی محتوایی آن با روش پانلی از کارشناسان تأیید شد. برای تعیین پایایی ابزار تحقیق پیش آزمون انجام گرفت که مقدار آلفای کرونباخ محاسبه‌شده برای مقیاس‌های اصلی پرسشنامه در حد مناسب (در دامنه بین 628/0 تا 812/0) بود. نتایج تحقیق حاکی از آن بود که نزدیک به نیمی از کشاورزان دارای نگرش خاصی نسبت به مدیریت پایدار منابع آب نبودند. با توجه به نتایج کسب‌شده، متغیرهای ادراک کشاورزان نسبت به مشکلات مدیریت پایدار منابع آب، میزان شرکت در برنامه‌ها و فعالیت‌های ترویجی و حجم استخر ذخیره آب، اصلی­ترین عوامل تعیین­کننده نگرش کشاورزان نسبت به مدیریت پایدار منابع آب در شهرستان کمیجان بودند. همچنین، نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که بین نگرش کشاورزان نسبت به مدیریت پایدار منابع آب بر حسب نوع مالکیت منبع آب آنها، تفاوت معنی‌دار وجود داشت، به نحوی که کشاورزان با مالکیت شخصی در مقایسه با کشاورزان دارای مالکیت مشاع، از نگرش مطلوب‌تری برخوردار بودند.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Farmers’ Attitude Determining Factors towards Water Resources Sustainable Management (Case study: Komijan County)

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. Afshari 1
  • R. Rezaei 2
  • H. Gholizadeh 2
  • H. S. Fami 3

1 University of Zanjan

2 Department of Agricultural Extension, Communication and Rural Development, University of Zanjan

3 Department of Agricultural Management, University of Tehran

چکیده [English]

Given the importance of water resources as a key element in all sub-sectors of the economy, especially agriculture and at the same time,due to severe constraints and lack of the resources, it is inevitable to move towards sustainable management of water resources. In this respect, various scholars believe that the mental and psychological factors, particularly attitude are the main factors leading people to implementation of actions related to sustainable management of water resources. Regarding the importance of the issue, the main objective of this research was to study of factors determining the farmers’ attitude towards sustainable management of water resources. The statistical population of the research consisted of all farmers’ heads of household in Komijan County (N= 5100). According to the Bartlett et al. (2001) Table, 300 of them were selected by multistage sampling. The data collection tool was a questionnaire which its content validity confirmed by a panel of experts. A pilot study conducted to establish the reliability of the questionnaire. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the main scales of the questionnaire were at appropriate levels (ranged from 0.628 to 0.812). The results indicated that nearly half of the farmers were undecided towards sustainable management of water resources. According to results, variables of farmers' perception towards problems of sustainable water management, participating in the extension programs and activities and the volume of water storage ponds were the main factors determining the farmers’ attitude towards sustainable management of water resources in Komijan County. Furthermore, the results showed that there was a significant difference between the farmers’ attitude towards sustainable management of water resources in terms of type of water resource ownership, so that the farmers with private ownership had a more favorable attitude compared with farmers who had joint ownership.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Farmers
  • Perception towards Problems of Sustainable Water Management
  • Extension Activities
  • private ownership
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