با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد مدیریت کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده علوم زراعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری، ساری، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف کلی تعیین مؤلفه ‏های محیط‏زیستی اثرگذار (در قالب تئوری انگیزش حفاظت)، بر رفتار مصرف کودهای شیمیایی، توسط گوجه‏ فرنگی‏کاران استان اردبیل انجام شد. جامعه آماری تحقیق، شامل همه کشاورزان گوجه‎ فرنگی‏کار فعال و دارای کشت آبی در استان اردبیل بودند (1489=N). بر اساس جدول بارتلت و همکاران و به روش چندمرحله‏ای تصادفی با انتساب متناسب، حجم نمونه تعیین ‏شد (310=n). کشاورزان گوجه‏ فرنگی‏کار، از سه شهرستان به طور تصادفی و به تناسب جمعیت انتخاب شدند. رفتار مصرف کودهای شیمیایی، توسط تکنیک شاخص ترکیبی برآورد شد. مطابق یافته‏ ها، غالب کشاورزان (61/41 درصد)، از کودهای شیمیایی در میزان مصرف بالایی استفاده می‏کردند. بیشترین میزان این بیش‏مصرفی (شاخص نسبت مقدار مصرف کود به مقدار مجاز مصرف)، مربوط به کود پتاس مایع بود. مطابق تحلیل مدل ساختاری، بیشترین مسیرهای تبیین‏ کننده رفتار مصرف کودهای شیمیایی، به ترتیب مربوط به مؤلفه‏ های قصد و نیت رفتاری (731/0)، هزینه پاسخ (543/0) و اثربخشی پاسخ (494/0) بود. آموزش و تشویق کشاورزان به استفاده از کودهای جایگزین غیرشیمیایی (کودهای آلی، هیومیک اسید یا ورمی کمپوست و غیره)، انجام آزمایش‏های دوره‏ای خاک، تعلق یارانه به کودهای زیستی، برگزاری برنامه‏های "روزمزرعه" و بازدید کشاورزان از مزارع موفق در بکارگیری کودهای زیستی می‏تواند بر رفتار کاهش یا جایگزینی در استفاده از کودهای شیمیایی مؤثر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effective Environmental Components on the Behavior of Chemical Fertilizers Consumption among Tomato Farmers in Ardabil Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mojtaba Sookhtanlou 1
  • Fayyaz Esmat 2
  • Fatemeh Shafiee 3

1 Associate Professor, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

2 M.A. in Agricultural Management, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran

3 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Crop Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran

چکیده [English]

This study was carried out with the general purpose of determining the effective environmental components (in the form of protection motivation theory) on the behavior of chemical fertilizers consumption by tomato farmers in Ardabil province. The statistical population of the study included all active tomato farmers with irrigated cultivation in Ardabil province (N=1489). Based on the table of Bartlett et al. and a multi-stage random sampling method with proportional assignment, the sample size was determined (n=310). Tomato farmers from three counties (Pars Abad (191 people), Meshginshahr (80 people), and Kowsar (39 people)) were selected randomly and according to the population proportion. The behavior of chemical fertilizers consumption was estimated by the composite index (CI) technique. According to the findings, the majority of farmers (41.61%) used chemical fertilizers at a high level of consumption. The highest rate of this overuse (ratio of fertilizer consumption to permissible consumption) was related to liquid Potash fertilizer. According to the structural model analysis, the most paths explaining the behavior of chemical fertilizers consumption were related to the components of behavioral intention (0.731), response cost (0.543), and response effectiveness (0.494), respectively. Training and encouraging farmers to use alternative non-chemical fertilizers (organic fertilizers, humic acid or vermicompost, etc.), conducting periodic soil tests, granting subsidies to bio-fertilizers, holding "Farm Day" programs, and visiting and showcasing farms with successful use of bio-fertilizers can be effective to reduce or replace the chemical fertilizers consumption.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Chemical Fertilizers
  • Environmental Components
  • Protection Motivation Theory
  • Tomato
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