تحلیل ادراک جوامع محلی و گردشگران از خدمات فرهنگی جنگل‌های مانگرو خمیر-قشم

سبحانی, پروانه; دانه کار, افشین

doi:10.30473/ee.2023.67830.2635

تحلیل ادراک جوامع محلی و گردشگران از خدمات فرهنگی جنگل‌های مانگرو خمیر-قشم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

¹ دانشجوی پسادکتری، گروه محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، کرج، ایران

² استاد گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران.

10.30473/ee.2023.67830.2635

چکیده

درک فرهنگی جوامع از رویشگاه‌های جنگلی، دریافت خدمات فرهنگی، ‏حفاظت و استفاده پایدار از ‏این اکوسیستم‌ها امری ضروری است.‏ در جنگل‌های مانگرو خمیر-قشم خدمات فرهنگی، به‌ویژه گردشگری نقش بسیار مهمی ‏دارد، بدین‌ ترتیب در مطالعه حاضر میزان ادراک جوامع محلی و گردشگران از خدمات فرهنگی این اکوسیستم طبیعی موردبررسی قرار گرفت. گردآوری داده‌ها به روش پیمایشی و از طریق پرسشنامه، مصاحبه و مشاهده انجام گردید. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها و اطلاعات نیز به روش کمی و آزمون‌های آماری توصیفی و استنباطی در نرم‌افزار SPSS₂₂ صورت گرفت. روایی پژوهش مبتنی بر روش‌های سازه و صوری و پایایی با استفاده از آلفای کرونباخ (9/0= α) محاسبه شد. جامعه آماری شامل جوامع محلی و گردشگران بود و حجم نمونه نیز به ترتیب برابر با 380 و 100 نفر در نظر گرفته شد. نمونه‌گیری در این مطالعه به روش خوشه‌ای با در نظر گرفتن سهم جمعیت هر یک از روستاها برای جوامع محلی و برای گردشگران نیز به روش سامانمند به تفکیک جنسیت زنان و مردان بوده است. مقایسهمیانگین درک جوامع محلی و گردشگران از خدمات فرهنگی جنگل‌های مانگرو خمیر-قشم نشان داد که بیشترین میزان ‏ادراک به‌دست‌آمده مربوط به جوامع محلی به دلیل وابستگی ‏به جنگل‌های مانگرو در تأمین نیازهای ‏روزانه و از طرفی حس تعلق مکانی با زندگی در مجاورت ‏این رویشگاه‌های طبیعی و ارزشمند است. ‏علاوه بر این ابعاد خدمات فرهنگی بررسی‌شده در این مطالعه ارتباط معنادار و مستقیمی با درک جوامع محلی و گردشگران دارد که حاکی از اختلاف معناداری در بین این ابعاد است. نتایج مستقیم یا غیرمستقیم بودن ابعاد خدمات فرهنگی نیز نشان داد که ابعاد «حس مکان و الهامات»، «تنوع ‏فرهنگی» و «روابط اجتماعی» ‏ ‏به‌طور مشترک در هر دو جامعه آماری موردبررسی، از تأثیر مثبت و مستقیمی برخوردار هستند. بر این اساس ایجاد آگاهی و بالا بردن درک ذینفعان از اهمیت و حساسیت‌های زیستی این رویشگاه‌های طبیعی و ارزشمند، می‌تواند ضمن کاهش ‏فشار بر منابع طبیعی، موجبات بهبود نگرش و تمایلات آن‌ها را نسبت به حفظ اراضی جنگلی و حفاظت بیشتر از این منابع را فراهم ‏آورد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

آموزش محیط زیست و حساسیت های زیست محیطی

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing the Perceptions of Local Communities and Tourists Regarding the Cultural Services of the Khamir-Qeshm Mangrove Forests

نویسندگان [English]

Parvaneh Sobhani ¹
Afshin Danehkar ²

¹ Postdoctoral Student, Department of Environmental Science, Natural Resources ‎Faculty, ‎University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran‎

² Professor, Department of Environmental Science, Natural Resources Faculty, ‎University of ‎Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

چکیده [English]

Cultural understanding of societies is necessary to protect and utilize these ecosystems for a ‎sustainable benefit in the exploitation of cultural services. ‎In the mangrove forests of Khamir-‎Qeshm, cultural ‎services, especially tourism, play a very important role. Therefore, in this study, the ‎level of perception ‎of local communities and tourists was investigated regarding the biological ‎sensitivities and ‎cultural services of these forests. Data collection was conducted by a survey ‎method and ‎using questionnaires, interviews, and observation tools. The analysis of data and information was performed by a quantitative method, and descriptive and inferential statistical tests were used in SPSS software. The validity of the research was examined based on structural and formal methods, as well as its reliability using Cronbach's alpha (α = 0.9). The statistical population includes local communities and tourists, and the sample size was considered equal to 380 and 100 people, respectively. Sampling in this study was done by cluster method, taking into account the population share of each village for local communities and for tourists, in a systematic way, separating men and women. Comparing the average perception of local communities and tourists about the cultural services of the mangrove forests of Khamir-Qeshm demonstrated that the highest level of perception is related to the local communities due to their dependence on the mangrove forests in providing daily needs, and on the other hand, the sense of belonging to the place by living in the vicinity of these natural and valuable habitats. In addition, the cultural services dimensions examined in this study have a significant and direct relationship with the understanding of local communities and tourists, which indicates a significant difference between these dimensions. The direct or indirect results of cultural services dimensions also revealed that "sense of place and inspiration", "cultural diversity", and "social relations" dimensions have a positive and direct impact in both studied statistical populations. Accordingly, creating awareness and raising the stakeholders' understanding of the importance and biological sensitivities of these ecosystems can, while reducing the pressure on natural resources, improve their attitudes and tendencies toward preserving forest lands and provide more protection for these resources.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

Perception Analysis
Local Community and Tourists
Cultural Services
Mangrove Forests
Khamir-Qeshm Area

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