تأثیر آموزش علوم به سبک زمینه محور بر نگرش و عملکرد محیط‌زیستی دانش‌آموزان ابتدایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه پیام‌نور، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه پیام‌نور، تهران، ایران

10.30473/ee.2025.71869.2759

چکیده

رفتار محیط‌زیستی یکی از عوامل مهم و نقش‌آفرین در حفاظت از محیط‌زیست است. این رفتار تحت تأثیر عوامل گوناگونی ازجمله ویژگی‌های فردی، دانش و نگرش محیط‌زیستی افراد قرار دارد. همچنین عوامل اجتماعی-اقتصادی و فرهنگی نیز می‌تواند بر رفتار محیط‌زیستی افراد مؤثر باشد بر همین سبب، پژوهش حاضر با هدف از این تحقیق بررسی تأثیر آموزش علوم به سبک زمینه محور بر نگرش و عملکرد محیط‌زیستی دانش‌آموزان ابتدایی شهر اراک بود. پژوهش حاضر ازلحاظ روش اجرا، جزء پژوهش‌های نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون-پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری شامل تمامی دانش‌آموزان دختر پایه پنجم و ششم دوره ابتدایی شهر اراک بود. نمونه پژوهش شامل 50 نفر دانش‌آموزان دختر دوره ابتدایی، پایه پنجم و ششم بود که بر اساس معیارهای ورود به پژوهش و به روش هدفمند انتخاب و به‌صورت تصادفی چندمرحله‌ای در دو گروه 25 نفری آزمایش (میانگین سنی: 51/0±50/11) و کنترل (میانگین سنی: 48/0±50/11) جایابی شدند ابزار جمع­آوری داده‌ها شامل دو پرسشنامه نگرش زیست‌محیطی Dunlap و همکاران (2001) و پرسشنامه عملکرد محیط‌زیستی Harun و همکاران (2011) بود که در پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون به‌طور مشابه توسط دانش­آموزان پاسخ داده شد. گروه آزمایش طی 7 هفته و هر هفته دو جلسه و هر جلسه 60 دقیقه تحت آموزش علوم به سبک زمینه محور پرداختند. داده‌ها از طریق آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس یک‌راهه در نرم‌افزار Spss نسخه 25 تحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که با کنترل نمره پیش‌آزمون، بین نمرات آزمون نگرش محیط‌زیستی و عملکرد محیط‌زیستی، دو گروه تجربی و کنترل در پس‌آزمون تفاوت معنادار وجود دارد (001/0p=)؛ بنابراین آموزش علوم به روش زمینه محور می‌تواند راهبردی مؤثر برای بهبود نگرش و عملکرد محیط‌زیستی در کودکان پنجم و ششم شهر اراک باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Context-Oriented Science Education on the Environmental Attitude and Performance of Elementary School Students

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Naeemi 1
  • Maryam Larijani 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Payam Noor University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Pro-environmental behavior is one of the significant and important factors in protecting the environment. This behavior is dependent on different factors like individual factors, environmental knowledge and attitude, as well as social, economic, and cultural factors. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of context-oriented science education on the environmental attitude and performance of primary school students in Arak city. The present study was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test–post-test with control group design. The statistical population included all female students in the fifth and sixth grades of elementary school in Arak city. The research sample included 50 female students in the fifth and sixth grades of elementary school who were selected based on the research entry criteria and through a purposeful method and were randomly assigned to two groups of 25 in a multi-stage experimental group (mean age: 11.50±0.51) and a control group (mean age: 11.50±0.48). The data collection tool included Dunlap's et al. (2001) environmental attitude questionnaire and Harun et al. (2011) environmental performance questionnaire, which were answered similarly by students in the pre-test and post-test. The experimental group underwent context-oriented science education for 7 weeks, two sessions per week, each session lasting 60 minutes. Data were analyzed through one-way analysis of covariance in SPSS software version 25. The results showed that by controlling the pre-test score, there was a significant difference between the environmental attitude and environmental performance test scores of the two experimental and control groups in the post-test (p=0.001). Therefore, teaching science in a context-oriented way can be an effective strategy for improving the environmental attitude and performance of fifth- and sixth-grade children in Arak city.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Science Education
  • Context-Oriented Education
  • Environment
  • Environmental Attitude
  • Environmental Performance
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