نقش هنجارهای فردی و اجتماعی در شکل‌گیری رفتار حامی محیط زیست

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه مازندران

2 دانشگاه مازندران

چکیده

برای تحریک رفتار­های حامی محیط زیست مردم درک بهتر هنجارهای فردی و جمعی که بر تمایل فرد برای کنش حامی محیط زیست تأثیرگذار است، ضروری است. بنابراین تحقیق حاضر در پی پاسخ به این سؤال است که این هنجارها تا چه حد تسهیل کننده رفتار محیط زیستی هستند و تا چه حد می ­توانند شکاف بین نگرش و رفتار محیط زیستی را کاهش دهند؟ مطالعه حاضر در بین ساکنان مناطق شهری استان مازندران در سال 1394 و با استفاده از روش پیمایشی صورت پذیرفته است. برای تعیین نمونه، از شیوه نمونه­ گیری خوشه­ ای چند مرحله­ ای استفاده شده و تعداد 467 نفر به عنوان نمونه مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. ابزار این تحقیق پرسشنامه بوده و برای سنجش اعتبار و روایی سؤالات، به ترتیب از اعتبار صوری و ضریب آلفای کرونباخ استفاده شده است. یافته­ های پژوهش نشان می­دهد در جامعه مورد مطالعه هنجارهای فردی و جمعی از وضعیت مناسبی برخوردار نیستند. با این وجود این هنجارها علاوه براین که بر رفتارهای محیط زیستی تأثیرگذار هستند می­توانند به کاهش شکاف بین نگرش و رفتار محیط زیستی کمک کنند. همچنین نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون نشان داد که هنجارهای جمعی بیشترین تأثیر را بر رفتار محیط­زیستی دارد و پیش­بینی­ کننده قوی­تری نسبت به سایر متغیرهاست. در نهایت به تبیین ضعف هنجارها در جامعه مورد مطالعه پرداخته شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Study of Influencing Individualand Social Norms on Environmental Friendly Behavior

نویسندگان [English]

  • S. Salehi 1
  • L. Emamgholi 2
1 Social Sciences Department, Mazandran University, Mazandaran, Iran
2 Mazandran University, Mazandaran, Iran
چکیده [English]

To foster environmental friendly behavior, it is necessary to understand individual an social norms. Thus, this study aims toanswer the question that to what extent these norms are facilitating individual’s environmental behaviorand to what extent, they are filling the gap between attitudes and behaviors towards environmental behavior. This study was conducted among urban dwellers of Mazandaran province in 2016 with utilizing survey method. To identify the sample, a cluster sampling method was applied and 467 people were surveyed. The questionnaire was used as a mean of data collection and the validity was measured by utilizing some experts, while reliability of the questionnaire was measured by using Alpha Cronbach technique. The results of the study show that levels of individual and social norms are not so strong among surveyed people. However, the results indicate that above mentioned norms affectenvironmental behaviors. These types of norms also help to fill the gap between attitudes and environmental behaviors. The results of regression analysis also show that social norms have most influence on environmental friendly behavior and are a strong predictor compared with other surveyed variables. The paper is ended up with some explanation about norms weaknesses.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environmental attitude
  • Environmental Behavior
  • Individual Norms
  • Mazandaran Urban Regions
  • Social Norms

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