بررسی نقش آموزش‌های انبوهی در توسعه روستایی و فعالیت‌های کشاورزان استان مرکزی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور

2 مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مرکزی

چکیده

نقش آموزش در توسعه روستایی را می­توان به طور خلاصه در ارتقاء دانش فرهنگی، اجتماعی، تخصصی و افزایش مهارت­ ها مؤثر دانست که به دنبال آن ارتقاء بهره­ وری مطلوب از نعمات الهی میسر خواهد شد. شناسایی انواع روش ­های آموزشی لازمه کاربرد صحیح آنها در انواع آموزش ­هاست. در این پژوهش ضمن تعیین عوامل دخیل در به ­کارگیری روش­های آموزشی کشاورزان، نقش آموزش­ های انبوهی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. زیرا با توجه به هزینه و در شرایطی که محدودیت­ های اقتصادی حاکم است شناسایی مناسب­ ترین روش در هر منطقه اهمیت بسیار دارد. بدین منظور، ابتدا یک تحقیق اکتشافی مقدماتی انجام، سپس با تأکید بر یافته‌های آن، تحقیق اصلی با فن پیمایشی صورت گرفت. جمعیت مورد مطالعه دربرگیرنده 78000 بهره‌بردار در 1400 روستا در استان مرکزی می‌باشد. نمونه­ گیری با روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای دو مرحله‌ای  انجام شد. از آنجا که بیش از نیمی از جمعیت مورد مطالعه بی سواد و کم سواد هستند در انتخاب روش ­های ترویجی مناسب بایستی این نکته مد نظر قرار گرفته و برای این گروه روش ­هایی به ­کار گرفته شود که نیاز کمتری به سواد دارند. همچنین به دلیل پراکندگی کشاورزان در گروه­ های سنی مختلف، انتخاب روش­ های مناسب ترویجی می­ بایست طبق نظریات موجود در روش­‌های آموزش بزرگسالان صورت پذیرد. از آنجا که در اکثر کشورهای در حال توسعه سطح آموزش و پرورش کشاورزان کم است، اقدام دولت به اجرای برنامه­ های فنی و آموزشی برای کشاورزی و افزایش ظرفیت کشاورزان با استفاده از فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation the Role of Mass Education in Rural Development and Agricultural Activities in Markazi Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • T. Basaki 1
  • J. Moghadasi 2
  • M.A. Nejat 1
  • M. Borghani Farahani 2
  • M. Najmi 2
1 Department of Agricultural Science, Payame Noor University
2 Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Markazi Province, Arak, Iran
چکیده [English]

The role of education in rural development can be summarized in the promotion of cultural knowledge, social, professional and increasing skill. Following that, the promotion of optimal efficiency will be achieved. Identifying the types of training methods is necessary for the correct application of it in a variety of education. In this study, factors affecting the use of different methods of training the farmers as well as the role of group and host education were detected. Because according to the cost of the different media and in the absence of the ruling economic constraints, it is important to identify the most appropriate method for each area. In this study, a survey carried out preliminary exploration, then with an emphasis on its findings, basic research was conducted by survey. The study population consisted of 78,000 farmers in 1,400 villages in the Markazi province. Sampling was done with two-stage cluster sampling. Since more than half of the study population are illiterate and low literate, This point must be considered in the selection of suitable promotional methods and the methods used that need less education. Also, because of the distribution of farmers in different age groups, appropriate methods should be promoted in accordance with the existing theories of adult learning methods elections. However, in most of developing countries farmers education level is  low; therefore the government action is necessary to implement technical and educational programs for farmers and enhance the capacity building of farmers by using information communication technologies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agricultural Education
  • Communication Behavior
  • Rural Development
  • Group Education

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