مطالعه تأثیر ابعاد توسعه انسانی (آموزش، سلامت و رفاه) بر شاخص عملکرد محیط‌زیستی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم اقتصادی پردیس بین‌الملل دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

2 استاد گروه اقتصاد دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

3 دانشیار گروه اقتصاد دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

چکیده

تلاش کشورها برای افزایش درآمد ملی و رفاه اگر همراه با ملاحظات محیط-زیستی نباشد، زیان‌های جبران‌ناپذیری ازجمله تغییرات سریع آب و هوایی و تخریب محیط زیست را به همراه خواهد داشت. ازاین‌رو در سال‌های اخیر توجه زیادی به کیفیت و پایداری محیط زیست در سطوح ملی و فراملی شده است. بسیاری از دولت‌ها متوجه شده‌اند که نمی‌توانند عملکرد محیط‌زیستی را صرفاً مرتبط با توسعه اقتصادی ببینند و به سایر ابعاد توسعه به‌خصوص توسعه اجتماعی توجه نکنند. در سطح جهانی نیز ضرورت بهبود ابعاد محیط‌زیستی و توسعه انسانی یکی از مهم‌ترین موضوعات موردبحث در کنفرانس ریو 20 ملل متحد در سال 2012 به‌عنوان بخشی از اهداف توسعه هزاره بوده است. ازآنجایی‌که شاخص توسعه انسانی توانایی توصیف هم‌زمان توسعه اجتماعی و توسعه اقتصادی را در درون خود دارد، هدف اصلی این مطالعه بررسی تأثیر ابعاد شاخص توسعه انسانی خصوصاً آموزش بر شاخص عملکرد محیط‌زیستی است. نتایج حاصل از برآورد الگوی داده‌های تابلویی از نوع اثرات ثابت با روش حداقل مربعات تعمیم‌یافته EGLS در گروه کشورهای منتخب، 101 کشوری که در رتبه‌بندی عملکرد محیط‌زیستی در دوره موردبررسی میانگین نمره بالای 50 را کسب کردند، طی دوره زمانی 2005-2015 نشان می‌دهد که ابعاد سه‌گانه شاخص‌ توسعه انسانی یعنی شاخص‌های سلامت، آموزش و رفاه رابطه مثبت و معنی‌داری با عملکرد محیط‌زیستی دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Study of Human Development Dimensions (Education, Health, and Welfare) Effects on Environmental Performance Index

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Pourali 1
  • Mohammad Ali Falahi 2
  • Aliakbar Naji Meydani 3
1 Ph.D. Student of Economics, International Campus, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2 Professor of Economics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
3 Associate Professor of Economics, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
چکیده [English]

The effort of countries to increase national income and well-being, if not accompanied by environmental considerations, leads to unrepairable losses. For this reason, the environment over the past few decades has been one of the concerns of human societies. Hence, in recent years, the quality and sustainability of the environment have become very important at both the national and international levels. Many governments have realized that they could not isolate environmental performance apart from other measures of development. Hence, the necessity of HDI improvement with the environmental dimensions was a theme of discussion during the most recent Rio+20-United Nation Conference on Sustainable Development (2012), as part of Millennium Development Goals. Since the Human Development Index can describe social development and economic development simultaneously, the main goal of this study is to examine the impact of the dimensions of human development index, especially education, on the Environmental Performance Index. The results based on the panel data fixed effects model using GLS in the 101 selected countries during 2005-2015 show that the three dimensions of the Human Development Index, namely health, education, and welfare, have a positive and significant effect on the environmental performance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Education
  • Health
  • Welfare
  • Environmental Performance
  • Panel Data
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