مرور نظام‌مند مطالعاتِ کشاورزی محیط‌زیستی در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مسائل اجتماعی ایران، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه مددکاری و سیاست‌گذاری اجتماعی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

3 استاد، گروه جامعه‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

10.30473/ee.2025.72083.2764

چکیده

شرایط اقلیمی و محیطی ایران در وضعیت کنونی توانِ چندانی برای تداوم کشاورزی به روش سنتی را ندارد. بر این اساس، در دهه‌های اخیر به مرور کشاورزی محیط‌زیستی و پایدار در ایران رواج پیدا کرده است. در طی این مدت، پژوهش‌های مختلفی در زمینه کشاورزی محیط‌زیستی در ایران، چالش‌ها و راهبردهای توسعه آن انجام شده است. پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از روش تحقیق مرور نظام‌مند تلفیقی (تلفیق یافته‌های پژوهش‌های انجام‌شده با روش‌های تحقیق مختلف) به بررسی این پژوهش‌ها پرداخت. نمونه موردبررسی، 28 مقاله علمی-پژوهشی بودند که در رشته‌های علوم انسانی به زبان فارسی بین سال‌های 1385 تا 1403 منتشر شده بودند. این نمونه‌ها با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند. یافته‌های پژوهش نشانگر این است که کشاورزی محیط‌زیستی دارای سه بعد اصلی است: پایداری محیط‌زیستی، پایداری غذایی و پایداری انسانی-اجتماعی. پایداری اقتصادی در درون هر سه این ابعاد نهفته است. این سه بعد در تعامل با یکدیگر قرار داشته در طی این تعامل، کشاورزی محیط‌زیستی را شکل می‌دهند. همچنین، بررسی پژوهش‌های انجام‌شده نشان داد که چالش‌های کشاورزی محیط‌زیستی در ایران عبارت‌اند از: ناکارآمدی نهادی-مدیریتی، بی‌ثباتی مالی-اقتصادی، ضعف زیرساختی-فنی، زمینه‌های فرهنگی -اجتماعی نامناسب، نظام آموزشی-ترویجی ناکارآمد و بی‌ثباتی محیط‌زیستی. در پژوهش‌های بررسی‌شده، راهبردهای مختلفی برای توسعه کشاورزی محیط‌زیستی ارائه شده‌اند که مهم‌ترین آن‌ها عبارت‌اند از: توسعه دانش بومی، هوشمندسازی سبز، اقتصاد سبز کشاورزی، دانش‌افزایی سبز، کارآمدی نهادی، توسعه زیرساخت‌ها و تقویت سرمایه اجتماعی سبز.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Systematic Review of Environmental Agriculture Studies in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Aboulfazl Pourganji 1
  • Manouchehr Alinejad 2
  • Seyed Alireza Afshani 3
  • Hossein Afrasiabi 3
1 Ph.D. Student of Iran's Social Issues, Faculty of Social Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Social Work and Policy, Faculty of Social Sciences, Yazd University; Yazd, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
چکیده [English]

Iran's current climatic and environmental conditions do not have sufficient capacity to continue agriculture in the traditional way. Accordingly, in recent decades, environmental and sustainable agriculture has gradually become popular in Iran. During this period, various studies have been conducted in the field of environmental agriculture in Iran, examining its challenges and development strategies. The present study analyzes these studies using an integrated systematic review research method (which combines the findings of studies conducted with different research methods). The sample consisted of 28 scientific-research articles that were published in the field of humanities in Persian between 2006 and 2024. These samples were selected using purposive sampling. The findings of the study indicate that environmental agriculture has three main dimensions: environmental sustainability, food sustainability, and human-social sustainability. Economic sustainability lies within all three of these dimensions. These three dimensions interact with each other and together form environmental agriculture through their interaction. Furthermore, a review of the research conducted showed that the challenges of environmental agriculture in Iran include institutional and managerial inefficiency, financial and economic instability, weak technical infrastructure, inappropriate socio-cultural contexts, an inefficient educational and promotional system, and environmental instability. In the research reviewed, various strategies have been presented for the development of environmental agriculture, the most important of which are the development of indigenous knowledge, green intelligence, the green agricultural economy, the enhancement of green knowledge, institutional efficiency, infrastructure development, and the strengthening of green social capital.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environmental Agriculture
  • Environmental Sustainability
  • Agricultural Extension and Education
  • Green Development
  • Systematic Review

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فصلنامه علمی آموزش محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار
دوره 14، شماره 1
مهر 1404
صفحه 105-127

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