عوامل مؤثر بر رفتار محیط‌زیستی کشاورزان: مطالعه موردی بوم نظام‌های گلخانه‌های تولید خیار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

هسته پژوهشی آموزش برای توسعه پایدار محیط‌زیستی، گروه کشاورزی اکولوژیک دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

هدف اصلی این مطالعه تبیین عوامل مؤثر بر رفتار محیط‌زیستی کشاورزان تولیدکننده خیار در بوم نظام­های پاکدشت و ورامین استان تهران است. در این تحقیق بر اساس نظریه سلامت مزرعه، رفتار محیط‌زیستی کشاورزان در چهار محور مدیریت تلفیقی آب، آفات، خاک و مواد مغذی تبیین و عوامل مؤثر بر آن با استفاده از مدل رفتار برنامه‌ریزی‌شده واکاوی گردید. در این رابطه، مطالعه پیمایشی با نمونه‌ای 124 نفری از کشاورزان ‌که با روش نمونه­گیری خوشه­ای انتخاب شدند اجرا گردید. یافته­ها نشان داد که در کشت بوم‌های گلخانه­ای خیار، کشاورزان بیشتر در زمینه­های مدیریت تلفیقی و مدیریت مواد مغذی و خاک به رفتار سازگار با محیط‌زیست مبادرت کرده­اند. نتایج تحقیق در مورد عوامل مؤثر بر رفتار محیط‌زیستی با رگرسیون گام به گام، نشان داد که رفتارهای محیط‌زیستی کشاورزان تحت تأثیر عوامل بیرونی مثل خدمات ترویجی و همچنین سن، سطح تکنولوژی، مشارکت اجتماعی و باور به عملی بودن رفتارها هستند. با این وجود اثر عوامل فردی مانند نگرش و شرایط اقتصادی بر رفتارهای محیط­زیستی تولیدکنندگان خیار به ترتیب معنی­دار­تر بود. در پایان با توجه به تأثیر عوامل تبیین شده، رهیافت سیاستی هدفمند شامل دو پیشنهاد برای ارتقای رفتارهای محیط‌زیستی کشاورزان ارائه گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Factors Influencing the Environmental Behavior of Farmers: A Case Study in Greenhouse Cucumber Production Systems

نویسنده [English]

  • Hadi Veisi
Research Centre of Education for Environmentally Sustainable Development, Department of Agroecology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The primary purpose of the study was to determine the factors affecting the environmental behavior of farmers cucumber production systems of Tehran, Iran. The research framework was developed based on the farm health model for assessing the environmental behaviors of farmers in conversation with the planned behavior model for exploring the factors influencing on their environmental behavior. A survey with a sample of 124 operators selected by clustering sampling was undertaken in Tehran province. Findings revealed that the growers of cucumber greenhouse implemented the measures of integrated soil, plant nutrient, and pest management. Stepwise regression analysis was used to determine the influence of exogenous factors, farm and farmer characteristics upon the environmental behavior of 124 cucumber growers. Analyses revealed that environmental behaviors were influenced by external factors (extension services) as well as the age, mechanization level, social participation; and the feasibility of technologies. However, impacts of farmer characteristics including attitude and economic condition on EB of cucumbers growers were significant respectively. Finally, consideration of these variables as determinant factors in a ‘targeted policy approach’ involving two suggestions is recommended to promote the environmental behavior of farmers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environmental Behavior
  • Farmers
  • Cucumber Growers
  • Tehran
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