اثربخشی روش آموزشیSTAD در یادگیری مباحث محیط‌زیستی در دوره تحصیلی ابتدایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد آموزش محیط‌زیست، گروه برنامه ‏ریزی، مدیریت و آموزش محیط‌زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران

2 استاد گروه برنامه ‏ریزی، مدیریت و آموزش محیط‌زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر مقایسه و پایش اثربخشی روش تدریس مشارکتی مبتنی بر الگوی تقسیم‏بندی دانش‏آموزان به گروه‏های پیشرفت (STAD) و آموزش سنتی در مباحث محیط‌زیست شهری است. این پژوهش از نوع شبه آزمایشی با طرح پیش‏آزمون-پس‏آزمون با دو گروه آزمایشی مشارکتی و سنتی می‏باشد. جامعه آماری شامل دانش‏آموزان پسر مقطع چهارم ابتدایی شهر اهواز است که جهت نمونه‏گیری از روش خوشه‏ای تصادفی استفاده شد. حجم نمونه شامل 58 نفر می‏باشد که 30 و 28 نفر آن‏ها به ترتیب در گروه آزمایشی مشارکتی STAD و گروه آزمایشی سنتی قرار گرفتند. همسان بودن گروه‏ها از طریق اجرای پیش‏آزمون سنجیده شد و پایایی آزمون از طریق محاسبه ضریب آلفای کرونباخ 84/0 به دست آمد. روش‏های یادگیری به مدت 3 هفته متوالی اجرا شد و یک هفته و سپس یک‏ ماه پس از پایان مداخله پس‏آزمون به عمل آمد. نمرات با استفاده از آزمون t مستقل و همبسته مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفتند. نتایج تحلیل داده‏ها نشان داد که میزان آگاهی از مباحث محیط‌زیست شهری در میان دانش‏آموزانی که به روش مشارکتی STAD آموزش دیده بودند، در سطح معناداری بالاتر از دانش‏آموزان آموزش‌دیده به روش سنتی بود. همچنین نتایج حاصل از پایش اثربخشی، برتری روش مشارکتی STAD را نسبت به روش آموزش سنتی تأیید نمود. پیشنهاد می‏شـود، دست‌اندرکاران نظـام آموزشـی بـا برگزاری آموزش ‏های ضمن خدمت بـرای آموزگـاران، آنها را با روش‏های مختلف یـادگیری مـشارکتی به‌ویژه در مورد مسائل محیط‌زیستی آشنا سازند تا از این طریق، روحیه همفکری، تبادل‌نظر و نگرش مثبت نسبت به محیط‌زیست در میان دانش‏آموزان افزایش یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effectiveness of the STAD Training Method in Learning the Environmental Issues in Elementary Education

نویسندگان [English]

  • Atousa Soleimani 1
  • Ahmad Nohegar 2
1 M.Sc in Environmental Education, Department of Environmental Education, Management and Planning, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Environmental Education, Management and Planning, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Abstract: The purpose of this study was two compare and monitoring STAD cooperative method and traditional teaching on urban environmental issues. This study is a quasi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test with two experimental groups. The statistical population was elementary school's fourth-grade male students of Ahvaz city. For sampling, random cluster sampling was used. The sample size included 58 that were 30 in STAD cooperative group and 28 in the traditional group. To equalize the members of groups pre-test were done, and reliability was calculated through Cronbach's alpha 0.84. The learning method for three consecutive weeks. First, the post-test was conducted after a week and then after a month of training. Results were analyzed by independent samples t-test and paired-sample t-test. The analysis showed that urban's environmental awareness in the STAD group was significantly higher than the traditional group. Also, the result of monitoring effectiveness confirmed that STAD cooperative learning is better than the traditional teaching method. It's suggested that Through community-based training courses on environmental issues for teachers, it increased the mentality and positive attitudes among students.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Urban Environmental Education
  • STAD Cooperative Learning
  • Traditional Teaching
  • Monitoring of Effectiveness

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فصلنامه علمی آموزش محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار
دوره 7، شماره 1
مهر 1397
صفحه 63-70

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