با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

4 استاد گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

کم شدن منابع آبی کشور به‌عنوان یکی از معضلاتی است  که یک بخش مهم آن از تغییرات اقلیم نشات گرفته  و دامن‌گیر کشور شده است. آگاه‌سازی دانشجویان از این مسئله  یکی از وظایف دانشگاه‌ها و مؤسسات آموزشی است که به‌واسطه برنامه درسی سبز میسر می‌شود. از سویی دیگر تئوری جنوب یکی از نظریاتی است که خاستگاه اجتماعی داشته و در دهه اخیر در دنیا مطرح‌شده است. این مقاله به امکان استفاده برنامه درسی سبز در دانشگاه‌ها و مراکز آموزش عالی از منابع دانش مطرح‌شده در تئوری جنوب در جهت مقابله یا سازگاری با بحران آب می‌پردازد. این پژوهش از نوع هدف کاربردی و از نوع ماهیت کیفی است. ازلحاظ گردآوری داده‌ها، توصیفی - تحلیلی از نوع اسنادی است و از میان اسناد موردبحث در این خصوص، اسنادی که در زمان انجام پژوهش در دسترس بوده استفاده‌شده است. استفاده از منابع دانش تئوری جنوب در مواجهه با بحران آب یا تنش آبی سبب می‌شود دانش از انحصار گروه خاصی که در منطقه مشخصی زندگی می‌کنند خارج‌شده و تجارب مناطق مختلف کشور در حل مشکلات ملی آب به کار گرفته شود و دانشگاه به‌عنوان محلی جهت آموزش نحوه صحیح استفاده از آب در زندگی امروزی در نظر گرفته شود. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از این پژوهش مشخص کرد که منابع تأمین دانش می‌تواند در محتوای برنامه درسی دانشگاهی با عنوان برنامه درسی سبز مورداستفاده قرار گیرد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Green Curriculum in the Higher Education of Iran: Water Crisis, Climate Change, Sources of Knowledge

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shahnaz Karami 1
  • Kourosh Fathi Vajarghah 2
  • Ali Akbar Khosravi Babadi 3
  • Manuchehr Farajzadeh Asl 4

1 Ph.D. Student in Educational Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran.Iran

2 Professor, Department of Educational Sciences, Shahid Behshti University, Tehran, Iran

3 Associate Professor of Educational Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran.Iran

4 Professor, Department of Physical Geography, Tarbiat Modares, Tehran, Iran

چکیده [English]

Decreasing the water sources is one of the problems which have been originated from climate change which consist most of it and is one of our country problems. Giving awareness to our students about this problem is one of the duties of the universities and educational institutes which becomes possible by means of a green curriculum. This article has been pointed out in order to use the possibility of applying this green curriculum at the universities and higher education centers which has been based on the pointed sources in southern theory dealing with prevention or adaptation with the water crisis. This research is in terms of research purpose, applied in terms of method, descriptive, and documentary-analytics. For this purpose, various articles and websites have been surveyed through a method of documentary analysis of the related texts. Using the Southern theory in dealing with water crisis or water stress helps to break the monopoly of the knowledge that is under the exclusion of some group in special regions and to share the experience of different regions of country and universities can be considered as a place in order to training correct use of water in modern life. The results of this study revealed that the water crisis can be used in the academic curriculum.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Green Curriculum
  • Higher Education
  • Sources of Knowledge
  • Water Crisis
Aithal, P., & Rao, P. (2016). “Green Education Concepts & Strategies in Higher Education Model”. International Journal of Scientific Research and Modern Education,1, (1), 793-802,
Alikhani, b. (2018). “Quranic Perspectives on Conservation and Consumption”. [On Line] Available from: http://ahlolbait.com /article/7459/  [In Persian].
Bakhshandeh, I. (2009).“Problems and Solutions of Water Deficiency in Iran”. Paper presented at the Second National Conference on Drought Effects and its Management Solutions, Isfahan.
Connell, R. (2007).Southern theory: The global dynamics of knowledge in social science”.Cambridge; Polity. 1 ed.
Connell, R. (2017). “Southern theory and world universities”. Journal of Higher Education Research & Development. 36(1), 4-15.
Dezhpasand, f., & Raoofi, M. (2009). “Iran's economy during the war (1 ed.)”.Tehran: Holy Defense Documents Center. 1 ed. [In Persian].
Fathi Vajargah, K. (2017). “Curriculum Toward New Identities”. (1). Tehran: Aeizh.1 ed [In Persian].
Fathi Vajargah, K., Mosapour, N., & Yadeghrzade, G. (2014). “Curriculum Development in Higher Education”.Tehran: Mehreban, 1 ed. [In Persian].
Gaff, J. G., & Ratcliff, J. (1997). “Handbook of the undergraduate curriculumA comprehensive guide to purposes, structures, practices, and change”.San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1ed.
Ghaderi, M. (2013). “Historical Analyzing of Reconceptualism: implication and intentions related to it in Curriculum Field" Journal of Theory & Practice in Curriculum,1 (1); 49-72. [In Persian].
Hall, S. (1992). “Formations of modernity”. Cambridge. Polity Press, 1 ed.
  Hurlimann, A. (2009). “Responding to environmental challenges: an initial assessment of higher education curricula needs by Australian planning professionals”.Journal Environmental Education Research, 15(6), 643-659.
ISNA. (2018). “Iran's universities by Numbers”. [On Line] Available from: https://www.isna.ir/news/97030804268 [In Persian].
Karleuša, B., Deluka-Tibljaš, A., Ožanić, N., & Ilić, S. J. W. P. P., Cvetanka. (2009). “The Role of Higher Education in Developing Awareness about Water Management”. International Symposium on Water Management and Hydraulic Engineering. Macedonia. 1-5 September, 607-614.
Kolladi, R. (2014).Impact of climate change on water resources”. Journal of Earth Science & Climatic Change, 5(3), 185.
Lattuca, L. R., & Stark, J. S. (2011).“Shaping the college curriculum: Academic plans in context”.John Wiley & Sons.2ed.
Lee, T. M., Markowitz, E. M., Howe, P. D., Ko, C.-Y., & Leiserowitz, A. A. J. N. c. c. (2015).  “Predictors of public climate change awareness and risk perception around the world”. Nature Climate Change. 5(11), 1014.
Maddocks A., Samue, R., Young, S., & Reig, P. (2015). “Ranking the World’s Most Water-Stressed Countries in 2040world resources institute”.  [On Line] Available from: https://www.wri.org/blog/2015/08/ranking-world-s-most-water-stressed-countries-2040
Majidyari, A. (2017). “U.N. Warns Iran’s Water Crisis Will Become Dangerous if Left Unchecked”.  [On Line] Available from: https://www.mei.edu/publications/un-warns-irans-water-crisis-will-become-dangerous-if-left-unchecked
Mousavi, S., Karandish, f., & Tabari, H. (2016).“Temporal and spatial variation of rainfall in Iran under climate change until 2100”. Quarterly Irrigation and Water Engineering 7(26), 152-165. [In Persian].
Musazadeh, R., & Abbaszadeh, M. (2017).Legal Dimensions of Operation Helmand River by Iran and Afghanistan”. Quarterly Journal of Central and Caucasian Studies, 93(22), 159-183. [In Persian].
NASA. (2018). “June 2018 ties for third-warmest June on record”.[On Line] Available from: https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2766/june-2018-ties-for-third-warmest-june-on-record/
Nirofard, F., & Shahidi, A. (2018). "Hydropolitics of Iran and Iraq and optimizing the use of common border waters." World Politics A Quarterly, 2(7), 233-259. [In Persian].
Okaka, W. (2016). “Developing Green      University Curriculum Innovations for Sustainable Education in Africa”. XI. European Conference on Social and Behavioral Sciences at Rome, Italy
Oreskes, N. J. S. (2004).“The scientific consensus on climate change”. Journal of Science, 306(5702), 1686.
Pachauri, R. K., Allen, M. R., Barros, V. R., Broome, J., Cramer, W., Christ, R., ... & Dubash, N. K. (2014). "Climate change 2014: synthesis report". Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the fifth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (p. 151). Ipcc.
Parsapour, Z. (2012). “Investigating the relation between man and nature in poetry”. Persian Literature Magazine, 9, 77-100. [In Persian].
Perkins, K. M., Munguia, N., Moure-Eraso, R., Delakowitz, B., Giannetti, B. F., Liu, G., Velazquez,L. (2018). “International erspectives on the pedagogy of climate change”. JournalofCleanerProduction. 200, 1043-1052.
Pinar, W. F., Reynolds, W. M., Slattery, P., & Taubman, P. M. (2006).“Understanding curriculum: An introduction to the study of historical and contemporary curriculum discourses (17)”.Peter Lang Inc.5 ed
Shakki, F. (2014). “Analysis of rainfall days in Iran”.Two Applied Meteorological Quarterly, 1, 36-27. [In Persian].
Solomon, S., Qin, D., Manning, M., Averyt, K., & Marquis, M. (2007).“Climate change 2007-The physical science basis: Working group I contribution to the fourth assessment report of the IPCC (4)”. Cambridge university press.
Takayama, K., Heimans, S., Amazan, S., & Maniam, V. (2016).“ Doing Southern Theory: Towards Alternative Knowledge and Knowledge Practices in/for education”.Postcolonial Directions in Education, 5(1), 25-21.
Tandlich, R., Ngqwala, N. P., Boshoff, A. Madikizela, P., Srinivas, C. S., Pyle, D. M., & Oosthuizen, R. (2018). “Challenges and Curriculum Transformation in the Higher Education Sector in South Africa: A Case Study in Wash to Improve the Training of Pharmacists”. Act an Educational Generalist 8 (1), 3-32.
Togo, M. (2009). “A systems approach to mainstreaming environment and sustainability in universities: The case of Rhodes University, South Africa”.A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of fhilosophy. Rhodes University MI,
UNESCO. (2015).“Indigenous’ eoples.Cultural and Linguistic Diversity”.Retrieved from http://www.unesco.org/new/en/indigenous-peoples/cultural-and-linguistic-diversity/
Vajari, T. D., Sorkhabi, M., Arefi, M., & Fardanesh, H. (2011).“Conceptualization of curriculum development models in higher education”.Research in Curriculum Planning 8, 48-62. [In Persian].
Zolnikov, T. R. (2017). “Autoethnographies on the Environment and Human Health”.Springer. San Diego 1ed.