با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه ترویج، ارتباطات و توسعه روستایی، دانشگاه زنجان

2 دانشجوی دکتری ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان

چکیده

با توجه به اثرات منفی استفاده بی­رویه از آفت­کش­ها بر سلامت انسان و محیط­زیست، در سال­های اخیر شیوه­های پایدار و سبز برای کنترل آفات به­ویژه کنترل بیولوژیک موردتوجه بسیاری از محققان قرارگرفته است. این در حالی است که به دلیل وجود موانع پرشمار، فرایند پذیرش و استفاده از شیوه­های کنترل بیولوژیک در بین کشاورزان بسیار کند است. با توجه به اهمیت موضوع، هدف اصلی این تحقیق تحلیل موانع کشاورزان در استفاده از زنبور براکون در مبارزه با آفت کرم هلیوتیس گوجه­فرنگی در شهرستان طارم بود. به لحاظ روش پژوهش، این تحقیق از نوع تحقیقات توصیفی- همبستگی محسوب می‌شود. جامعه آماری این تحقیق 1666 نفر از تولیدکنندگان گوجه­ فرنگی در شهرستان طارم در استان زنجان بودند. بر اساس فرمول بارتلت و همکاران (Bartlett et al., 2001)، 330 نفر از تولیدکنندگان با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌ای برای انجام تحقیق انتخاب شد. برای گردآوری داده‌ها از پرسشنامه محقق ساخته استفاده گردید. روایی پرسشنامه با نظر پانلی از کارشناسان و متخصصان مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. برای تعیین پایایی ابزار تحقیق پیش‌آزمون انجام گرفت که ضریب آلفای کرونباخ محاسبه‌شده برای مقیاس اصلی پرسشنامه در حد مناسب (بالای 75/0) بود. داده­ های گردآوری‌شده با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSSWin22 تجزیه‌وتحلیل شدند. نتایج تحلیل عاملی نشان داد که موانع اصلی استفاده کشاورزان از زنبور براکون در مبارزه با آفت کرم هلیوتیس گوجه ­فرنگی در شهرستان طارم در قالب پنج عامل موانع مالی- اقتصادی، موانع روان­شناختی- اجتماعی، ضعف شناختی- اطلاعاتی، ضعف حمایتی و محدودیت­های فنی دسته‌بندی‌شده و درمجموع در حدود 73/68 درصد از واریانس موانع را تبیین کردند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing Farmers’ Barriers in Using Biological Control Methods in Tarom County (Case Study: Habrobracon Hebetor to Control Tomato Heliothis spp.)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Rohollah Rezaei 1
  • Nafiseh Salahimoghadam 2

1 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension, Communication and Rural Development, University of Zanjan

2 Ph.D. Student, Department of Agricultural Extension, Communication and Rural Development, University of Zanjan

چکیده [English]

Regarding the negative effects of overuse of pesticides on human health and the environment, in recent years, sustainable and green methods for pests control especially biological control have been considered by many researchers. However, due to the existence of various barriers, the process of adoption and usage of biological control methods is very slow among farmers. Given the importance of the subject, the main purpose of this study was to analyze farmers’ barriers in using Habrobracon hebetor to control tomato Heliothis spp. in Tarom County. Methodologically, this study was a descriptive-correlational research. The statistical population of the study was 1666 tomato producers in Tarom County in Zanjan Province. Based on the Bartlett et al. (2001) formula, 330 producers were selected by the stratified sampling method for doing the study. A research-made questionnaire was used to collect the data. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by a panel of experts and specialists. A pilot study was conducted to establish reliability of the instrument, which the calculated Cronbach alpha's coefficient for the main scale of questionnaire was appropriate (above 0.75). Collected data were analyzed using the SPSSWin22 software. The results of a factor analysis revealed that the farmers’ barriers in using Habrobracon hebetor to control tomato Heliothis spp. in Tarom County were categorized into five factors including, financial-economic barriers, psychological-social barriers, cognitive-informational weakness, supportive weakness and technical constraints and these factors, in total, explained 68.73% of variances of the barriers.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sustainable Agriculture
  • Pests
  • Green and Sustainable Control
  • Financial-Economic Barriers
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