طراحی الگوی آموزشی بهینه برای ارتقای سطح دانش شهروندان تهرانی نسبت به مقوله تنوع زیستی با استفاده از الگوریتم دایجسترا و الگوریتم مورچگان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، واحد شاهرود، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شاهرود، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه علوم محیط زیست، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

3 مرجع ملی کمیته مشورتی ارتباطات، آموزش و آگاهی‌بخشی عمومی در محیط زیست کنوانسیون تنوع زیستی

چکیده

هدف از انجام این پژوهش، ارائه الگوی بهینه آموزشی برای ارتقای سطح دانش عمومی و تخصصی شهروندان تهرانی نسبت به مقوله تنوع زیستی می‌باشد. در گام نخست، از پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته برای سنجش سطح آگاهی شهروندان استفاده شد. سپس با استفاده از آرای خبرگان اقدام به وزن‌دهی و ارزیابی روش‌های گوناگون آموزشی گردید. بدین منظور، دو سطح هدف به‌عنوان سناریوهای مورد انتظار طراحی گردید. برای ارزیابی دقیق و تعیین مسیر بهینه که واجد کمترین زمان و پایین‌ترین هزینه باشد، از الگوریتم دایجسترا و الگوریتم مورچگان (ACA) استفاده شد. نتایج بیانگر آن بود که دانش عمومی زنان در مورد تنوع زیستی نسبت به مردان بالاتر بوده و در مورد دانش تخصصی این مورد برعکس بوده است. از سوی دیگر، میان دانش تنوع زیستی و سطح تحصیلات رابطه مثبت معنی‌داری وجود داشته است. همچنین، برای دستیابی به هدف سطح اول، «الگوی آموزشی ترکیبی» با وزن 196/1 و الگوی آموزشی «الگوی آموزشی مجازی» با وزن 608/0 به ترتیب مناسب‌ترین و نامناسب‌ترین الگوی آموزشی برای انتقال دانش عمومی به شهروندان ارزیابی شدند. در خصوص هدف سطح دوم روش «آموزش چهره به چهره» با وزن نهایی 64 و «تهیه و توزیع بسته‌های آموزشی» با وزن 43 واجد بیشترین امتیاز بودند. در نهایت، مسیر بهینه برای ارتقای سطح دانش تخصصی شهروندان، دارای وزن 161 بوده که به ترتیب شامل مواردی نظیر دستیابی به سطح دانش عمومی خوب، ایجاد فضای آموزشی، حمایت از شکل‌گیری سازمان‌های مردم‌نهاد محیط‌زیستی، اقدامات تشویقی و نیازسنجی و بازنگری بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing an optimal educational model to improve the level of knowledge of Tehran citizens towards biodiversity using Digestra algorithm and Ant algorithm

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hooman Bahmanpour 1
  • Mojgan Zaeimdar 2
  • Behrang Salajegheh 3
1 Associate Prof., Department of Environment, Faculty of Engineering, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran
2 Assistant Prof., Department of Environmental Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 The National Focal Point of the Communication, Education and Public Awareness (CEPA) for the Convention on Biological Diversity
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study is to provide an optimal educational model to improve the general and specialized knowledge of Tehran citizens regarding biodiversity. In the first step, a researcher-made questionnaire was used to assess the level of citizens' awareness. Then, using the opinions of experts, various educational methods were weighed and evaluated. For this purpose, two target levels were designed as expected scenarios. Digest and Ant (ACA) algorithms were used to accurately evaluate and determine the optimal route with the lowest time and lowest cost. The results showed that women's general knowledge about biodiversity was higher than men’s and vice versa about specialized knowledge. On the other hand, there was a significant positive relationship between biodiversity knowledge and education level. Also, to achieve the first level goal, the "Combined educational model" with a weight of 1.196, and the educational model "Virtual educational model" with a weight of 0.608 were evaluated as the most appropriate and inappropriate educational model for transferring general knowledge to citizens, respectively. Regarding the purpose of the second level, the method of "face-to-face training" with a final weight of 64 and "preparation and distribution of training packages" with a weight of 43 had the highest score. Finally, the optimal path for raising the level of specialized knowledge of citizens has a weight of 161, which includes such things as achieving a good level of general knowledge, creating an educational environment, supporting the formation of environmental NGOs, incentives, needs assessment, and review.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environmental Education
  • Ant Algorithm
  • Biodiversity
  • Tehran

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فصلنامه علمی آموزش محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار
دوره 11، شماره 2
1401
صفحه 9-28

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