ارزیابی عوامل پیش‌بینی کننده دانش و آگاهی محیط‎زیستی طبیعت‌گردها، مطالعه موردی: طبیعت‌گردهای منطقه حفاظت‌شده بینالود

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه جغرافیا، دانشگاه پیام‌نور، تهران، ایران

3 دکتری، جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

4 کارشناس ارشد، اکوتوریسم، دانشگاه غیرانتفاعی بینالود مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

توسعه آگاهانه طبیعت‌گردی، راهبردی مناسبی جهت حفظ محیط‌زیست است. هدف این پژوهش شناسایی و ارزیابی عوامل پیش‌بینی کننده دانش و آگاهی طبیعت‌گردهای منطقه حفاظت‌شده بینالود است. نوع تحقیق کاربردی، روش مورداستفاده توصیفی- تحلیلی و گردآوری داده­ها و اطلاعات از روش­های کتابخانه­ای و میدانی (پرسشنامه) استفاده‌شده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق تعداد طبیعت‌گردهای ورودی به منطقه، بر اساس آمار میدانی به‌دست‌آمده از دهیاران (شهریور 1398)، 12900 برآورد شده است. درنهایت، 210 نمونه به‌عنوان حجم نمونه مبنای تکمیل پرسشنامه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. یافته­های تحقیق نشان داد که بر اساس آزمون t تک نمونه­ای میانگین واقعی دو شاخص برخورداری از دانش زیست محیط و به‌کارگیری فناوری پاک و آگاهی نسبت به قوانین و محیط طبیعی از کمتر از میانه (3) است. یافته­های آزمون t دو نمونه نشان داد که طبیعت‌گردها ازلحاظ نگرش و رفتار محیط‎زیستی و بعد اجتماعی و اقتصادی محیط‎زیستی در وضعیت مناسبی قرار دارند، اما ازلحاظ میزان دانش محیط‎زیستی در وضعیت مناسبی قرار ندارند و نیاز به افزایش آگاهی آن‌ها در زمینه­های دانش محیط‎زیستی است. میانگین نظر مردان در شاخص­های دانش محیط‎زیستی (3) بیشتر از زنان (65/2) است ولی در شاخص‌های نگرش محیط‎زیستی و رفتار محیط‎زیستی به ترتیب زنان (30/4 و 94/3) بیشتر از مردان با میانگین (15/4 و 72/3) است و تفاوت معناداری در دو گروه وجود دارد. بر اساس آزمون رگرسیون ضریب تعیین تعدیل‌شده 54/0 می­باشد که آشکار نمود که 54 درصد از تغییرات رفتار محیط‎زیستی طبیعت‌گردها وابسته به عوامل فردی و اقتصادی- اجتماعی‏ است. نتایج آزمون همبستگی پیرسون بیانگر رابطه معنی‌دار و قوی رفتار و نگرش محیط‎زیستی طبیعت‌گردها وجود دارد. جهت ارتقای دانش محیط‎زیستی طبیعت‌گردها، ایجاد مراکز بازدیدکنندگان، برگزاری دوره‌های آموزشی، سمینارها و غیره بر مبنای ویژگی‌های سنی و جنسی پیشنهاد می‌گردد. روش­ مناسب انتقـال آموزه­ها استفاده از وسایل و مواد نشر آگاهی ماننـد تهیه بروشور، فیلم کوتاه و آگاهی رساندن از طریق شبکه­های پرطرفدار اجتماعی و تشویق سازمان‌های مردم‌نهاد برای ترویج فرهنگ طبیعت‌گردی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the Predictor Elements in Environmental Knowledge and Awareness of Eco-Tourists Case Study: Eco-Tourism in the Protected Area of Binalood

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamdollah Sojasi Qeidari 1
  • Majid Parishan 2
  • Ahmad Romiani 3
  • Shahrzad Naderzadeh 4
1 Associate Professor, Department of Geography, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad. Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Geography, Tehran, Iran
3 Ph.D. Geography and rural planning, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad. Iran
4 M.A. Ecotourism, Binaloud University of Mashhad, Mashhad. Iran
چکیده [English]

The development of ecotourism is a viable strategy to preserve natural resources and cultural values in society. In addition, it empowers local communities and brings about cultural, social, and environmental sustainability. This study aims to evaluate the predictor elements of environmental knowledge and awareness of eco-tourists in the protected area of Binalood. The research method is a descriptive-analytical method. The statistical population of the study is the number of eco-tourists entering the region, based on field statistics obtained from village-heads (September 2017), which is estimated at 12,900. Finally, 210 were used as the sample size and as the basis for completing the questionnaire and analysis. The research findings, based on a single sample t-test, revealed that the real average of the two indicators of having environmental knowledge and awareness of laws and the natural environment is less than average (3). Findings on the t-test (two samples) showed that the average opinion of men on environmental knowledge indicators is higher than women and that there is a significant difference between men and women. The adjusted coefficient based on the regression test is 0.54. Obviously, the 0.54 changes in the environmental behavior of eco-tourists depend on individual and socio-economic factors. According to the results of the Pearson correlation test, there is a significant and strong relationship between the behavior and environmental attitudes of eco-tourists. In order to improve the environmental knowledge of eco-tourists, it is the researchers’ recommendation to establish visitor centers and hold training courses, seminars, etc., based on the age and sexual characteristics of the visitors. The best way to transfer the teachings is to use the means and materials of dissemination of knowledge, such as preparing brochures and short films and informing people through popular networks and social sites.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Awareness
  • Behavior of tourists
  • Binalood
  • Ecotourism
  • Environmental Knowledge

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فصلنامه علمی آموزش محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار
دوره 12، شماره 1
1402
صفحه 23-42

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